主語補足語如何辨別
主語補足語如何辨別
對于主語補足語，語法家們各有不同的看法。以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于什么是主語補足語的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!
主語補足語的簡介
主動語態(tài)中的賓語補足語，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為被動語態(tài)中的主語補足語。
eg. They caught the boy stealing. (stealing 作為賓語補足語)
轉(zhuǎn)化為被動語態(tài)The boy was caught stealing. (stealing轉(zhuǎn)化為主語補足語)
主語補足語的關(guān)系
被動語態(tài)的主語補足語與主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是密切相關(guān)的。例如：
(1) I saw him playing basketball yesterday.
(2) He was seen playing basketball yesterday.
句(1)中的含義不是我看見他，而是我看見他正在打籃球。playing basketball是賓語him的補足語。所以叫賓語補足語。
句(2)中的含義也不是他被看，而是別人看見他正在打籃球。這里的playing basketball是主語he的補足語，故稱作主語補足語。主語和主語補足語一起稱作復(fù)合主語。所以含有主語補足語的句子一般是被動語態(tài)，謂語動詞是可以接復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓語補足語)的及物動詞。句首的主語就是主語補足語的邏輯主語。
主語補足語的形式
1. 動詞elect, call, name, make, find, leave等后面常接名詞用作主語補足語。例如：
?、?The dog is called Karl.
② Coal is sometimes called stored-up sunlight.
?、?He was found the right man for the job.
2. 動詞keep, make, paint, cut, burn, beat, wash, find, consider, wipe等后面常接形容詞用作主語補足語。例如：
① The door was painted white.
?、?The old man was found weak.
③ The classroom is always kept clean every day.
3. 動詞see, watch, hear, feel, listen to, look at, imagine等后面接分詞用作主語補足語。例如：
① He is often heard reading English.
?、?The professor was seen making an experiment in the chemistry lab.
?、?The glass was found broken.
?、?The classroom was found crowded with people.
4.感官動詞see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面接帶to的不定式用作主語補足語。例如：
① He was seen to come upstairs.
?、?Ice is known to be in a solid state.
③ The spy was ordered to be hanged.
5.介詞短語用作主語補足語。例如：
?、?The books in the study must be kept in good order.
?、?He was found in good health.
?、?English is considered of great importance for us.
6. as后面接名詞、形容詞、分詞等用作主語補足語。例如：
① English is taken as a useful means for research work.
?、?The news is considered as true.
③ The stool is usually thought as having four legs
④ The vase is thought as broken.
7. 由what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句用作主語補足語。例如：
The boy has been made what he is.
主語補足語的判別方法
1.看句中的動詞是不是可接復(fù)合賓語，而且是不是被動語態(tài)，與此同時還要看其后部分的邏輯主語是不是句子的主語。
2. 另一種最簡單的方法是：如果還不能看出來就可以把全句改成主動語態(tài)，加上一個主語we或people等。改成主動語態(tài)后，看后面是不是變成了“賓語+賓語補足語”了，這樣我們就可以判別原句后面是不是主語補足語。例如：
被動句：She was found reading in the library. (主語補足語)
主動句：We found her reading in the library. (賓語+賓語補足語)
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