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GRE閱讀高頻機經(jīng)原文：Music----Landowska

GRE考試原文：Music----Landowska

when, in the twentieth century, the concept of the virtuoso-as-hero retired, as a replacement came the scholar-pianist, the musician-pianist, the re-creator of the composers’ thoughts. With this change came the abdication of technique. Virtuosity in and of itself, indeed, became something of a dirty word.

One of the important new figures, though she was a harpsichordist and not a pianist, was Wanda. Landowska, she was the one who demonstrated how Bach, Handel, Scarlet and Couperin sounded on the instrument for which their music was originally conceived. It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist, however. She had been born in an age of romantic playing, an age dominated by the figures of Liszt, Leschetisky and their pupils. Thus she grew up with certain romantic traditions of performance and whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship, for Landowska knew how to hold an audience breathless and when she gave a recital, it was to the accompaniment that all great artists receive deathlike silence and rapt attention.

Her playing was romantic, but who is to say that it was not closer to Bach then the dry munching of some later harpsichordists? She had a miraculous equality of touch, with a left hand that seemed to say the least, colorful. But no artist in this generation (and, one is confident, in any generation) could clarify with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the baroque masters. And none could make the music so spring to life.

Her secret was a lifetime of scholarship, plus perfect technical equipment and resilient rhythm, all combined with knowledge of just when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct. Of course, that alone demands a lifetime of knowledge. She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and did have meaning and emotional significance. She took liberties, all kinds of liberties, but like all great artists she could get away with them. In short, her entire musical approach was romantic: intensely personal, full of light and shade, never pedantic.

Thanks to Landowska, Bach began to sound thick when played on the piano. One by one, pianists stopped playing Bach as adapted by Liszt, Bach as adapted by Tausig. Then they began to think twice before performing any kind of baroque music, including even Scarlatti. The piano repertoire, it began to be felt, was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions and Bach and Scarlatti on the piano were in a way, transcriptions no matter how faithfully the original notes were played.

In line with this kind of purity came the emphasis on the back to nature study of the composers’ manuscripts that has continued to the present, will continue and is something new in the scheme of things.

GRE閱讀詞匯精選之香

aroma　n.芳香，香氣

aromatic　adj.芳香的

balm　n.香油,藥膏

balmy　adj.(氣候)溫和的,芳香的

flavouring　n.香料，· 調(diào)味品

incense　n.香，· 香味v.激怒

odoriferous　adj.有香味的，· 芳香的

perfume　n.香味，· 香水

redolent　adj.芬芳的　　芳香的

scent　n.氣味，· 香氣

vanilla　n.香草，· 香子蘭

musky　a.　麝香的

fragrant　a.　芬香的,馥郁的

小屋

beam　n.(房屋等)大梁,光線

dome　n.圓屋頂

eaves　n.屋檐

hovel　n.茅舍，骯臟的小屋

igloo　n.冰屋

lodge　v.住宿，存放　　n.小屋

lodger　n.寄宿人，房客

dislodge　v.逐出，取出

masonry　n.石工技術，石屋

shack　n.簡陋的小屋，棚屋

shanty　n.簡陋的小木屋

shingle　n.木瓦，屋頂板

thatch　n.茅草屋頂，茅草

hut　n.　小屋，茅舍

GRE閱讀詞匯精選之偷盜

appropriate　v.撥款，盜用

appropriation　n.撥款，挪用公款

embezzle　v.盜用,侵吞

embezzlement　n.貪污，侵吞

graft　v.嫁接，移植，n.貪污

peculate　v.挪用(公款)

kleptomania　n.　燎擇?

larceny　n盜竊

pirate　n.海盜，剽竊者　v.盜印,掠奪

filch　v.偷(不貴重的東西)

pilfer　v.偷竊

purloin　v.偷竊

rustler　n.偷牛(馬)賊

eavesdrop　v.偷聽，竊聽

bug　n.臭蟲，· 竊聽器

peek　v.偷看

stowaway　n.(藏于輪船，· 飛機中的)偷乘者

sneak　v.鬼鬼祟祟而· 行，· 偷竊

burgle　v.夜盜

彎曲

contort　v.(使)扭曲

contortion　n.扭曲，彎曲

crook　v.使彎曲

crooked　adj.彎曲的，扭曲的

crumple　v.弄皺，扭彎

detour　n.彎路，繞行之路

devious　adj.不正直的，彎曲的

flex　v.彎曲

flexible　adj.易彎曲的，靈活的

lithe　adj.柔軟的，易彎曲的

pliable　adj.易彎的,柔軟的

pliant　adj.易受影響的,易彎的

ply　v.(搬運工等)等候顧客,彎曲

roundabout　adj.繞遠道的，轉彎抹角的

serpentine　adj.似蛇般繞曲的，蜿蜒的

snaky　adj.似蛇的，彎曲的，陰險的

tortuous　adj.彎彎曲曲的，蜿蜒的

warp　n.v.翹起，彎曲

yielding　adj.彎曲自如的，靈活的

tortile　adj　扭彎的，扭卷的

ambagious　adj　迂回曲折的

askew　adj.歪斜的　v.歪斜，彎曲

suppleness　n.易彎曲,柔軟,順從

bent　a.彎曲的,決心的　n.愛好

meander　v.蜿蜒而流，漫步

winding　adj.蜿蜒的，迂回的

awry　adj.扭曲的,走樣的

wry　adj　扭曲的　n.諷刺性幽默

還有curved,　circuitous,　convoluted

GRE閱讀詞匯精選之放縱

abandon　v.n.放棄，放縱

bacchanal　n.(行為放縱的)狂歡會

bacchanalian　adj.狂歡的,行為放縱的

carouse　v.n.狂飲尋樂

carousal　n.歡鬧的酒宴

debauch　v.使放蕩，墮落

debauchery　n.放蕩，· 沉緬酒色

incontinent　adj.無力控制(自己)的，· 縱欲的

intemperate　adj.無節(jié)制的,放縱的

laxity　n.松弛，· 放縱

lechery　n.好色，· 縱欲

liberated　adj.無拘束的，· 放縱的

libertine　n.性行為放縱者，· 浪蕩子

licentious　adj.縱欲的，· 放肆的

rambunctious　adj.喧鬧的，· 放縱的

saturnalia　n.縱情狂歡

wanton　adj.頑皮的，· 放縱的

spree　n　狂歡，· 縱樂，· 宴會

voluptuous　adj.撩人的，· 沉溺酒色的

voluptuary　n.耽于逸樂的人

lascivious　adj.淫亂的，· 好色的

lecherous　adj.好色的

lewd　adj.好色的，· 猥褻的

libidinous　adj.性欲強的，· 好色的

lubricious　adj.光滑的，· 好色的

prurient　adj.好色的,淫亂的

prurience　n.好色,淫亂

salacious　adj.好色的，· 淫蕩的.

salacity　n.好色，· 淫蕩

sensual　adj.肉欲的、淫蕩的

sensuality　n.淫蕩、好色

excesses　n.過份荒淫的行為

smutty　adj.淫穢的

voyeur　n.窺淫狂者，· 窺隱私者

obscene　adj　淫穢的

risque　adj　下流的，· 淫猥的

bawdy　adj　淫猥的、下流的

prodigality　n放蕩,淫逸,揮霍· 浪費,慷慨,豐富

immoral　adj.不· 道德的，· 淫蕩的

reprobate　v.譴責，· 指· 責.adj.n.墮落的(人)

ignoble　adj.卑鄙的，· 下流的

ribald　adj.下流的，· 粗鄙的

scurrilous　adj.下流的、惡言毀謗的

vulgar　adj.無教養(yǎng)的，· 下流的

cad　n.　卑鄙的男人,下流人,無賴

indelicate　a.　下流的,無教養(yǎng)的,卑鄙的,不· 雅的

lust　n.強烈的欲望

dissolute　adj.放蕩的，· 無節(jié)制的

raffish　adj.輕浮的，· 放蕩的

profligate　adj.揮金如土的　n.揮霍· 者,放蕩者

sybaritic　adj　奢侈享樂的

epicurean　adj.好享樂的享樂主義的

hedonism　n.享樂主義，· 享樂

hedonistic　adj.享樂的

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