初一到初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
初一到初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
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初一到初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)
(一)人稱代詞
1.人稱代詞的形式：是指表示“你”“我”“他”及其復(fù)數(shù)概念的代詞，人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分，如I是主格，me是賓格。人稱代詞有性別的區(qū)分，如表示第三人稱單數(shù)的男性時(shí)用he, 第三人稱單數(shù)的女性用she。人稱代詞還有數(shù)之分，如表示“我”用I , 表示“我們”用we。人稱代詞的所有形式如下表:
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
主格 I we you you he,she,it they
賓格 me us you you him,her,it them
2.人稱代詞的基本用法
(1)人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語(yǔ)
(2)人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)
(3)代詞的賓格在句子中有時(shí)也作表語(yǔ)，特別是在口語(yǔ)中
3.人稱代詞it的用法
(1)代指時(shí)間、距離、天氣等
(2)代替剛提到過(guò)的事物
(3)代替嬰兒或不清楚性別的人。
(4)代替指示代詞this或that
(5)在句子中作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，代替由不定式、動(dòng)名詞等表示的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，而句子真正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)放在句子的后部，避免頭重腳輕
4.人稱代詞同時(shí)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的排列順序
(1)并列的單數(shù)代詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的排列順序?yàn)椋旱诙朔Q，第三人稱，第一人稱。但在翻譯時(shí)按照漢語(yǔ)的人稱順序進(jìn)行翻譯。
(2)并列的復(fù)數(shù)代詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的排列順序?yàn)椋旱谝蝗朔Q，第二人稱，第三人稱。
(3)在表示承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，單數(shù)代詞的排列順序?yàn)椋旱谝蝗朔Q，第三人稱，第二人稱;復(fù)數(shù)的排列順序?yàn)椋旱谝蝗朔Q，第二人稱，第三人稱
(二)物主代詞
1.物主代詞是表示所屬關(guān)系的代詞，也叫作代詞的所有格。物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種，物主代詞的所有格形式如下：
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)
形容詞性物主代詞 my our your your his, her, its their
名詞性物主代詞 mine ours yours yours his, hers, its theirs
2.物主代詞的用法
(1)形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，只能修飾名詞，作定語(yǔ)。
注意：
?、僭跐h語(yǔ)中，表示“……的”可以省略，但在英語(yǔ)中必須用形容詞性物主代詞
?、诿~前面已經(jīng)有形容詞性物主代詞修飾時(shí)，不能再用冠詞或指示代詞修飾
③若名詞前已經(jīng)有形容詞性物主代詞修飾，再需要其他形容詞修飾時(shí)，需放在物主代詞之后
(2)名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
注意：
?、倜~性物主代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于它所代替的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式
?、谠谧鼍湫娃D(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，對(duì)兩類物主代詞提問(wèn)都用whose， 但是形式有所不同。
?、勖~性物主代詞可以和of構(gòu)成雙重所有格，而形容詞性物主代詞不能。
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由“助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的。
?、僦鷦?dòng)詞have/has可以與主語(yǔ)縮寫(xiě)為’ve/’s。
e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’s
?、谝?guī)則變化的過(guò)去分詞與動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式一樣。
?、鄄灰?guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞見(jiàn)表。
2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本句型。
①陳述句肯定形式。
e.g. I have had lunch. 我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯了。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
?、陉愂鼍浞穸ㄐ问健?在助動(dòng)詞have/has后+not，可縮寫(xiě)為haven’t/hasn’t)
e.g. I haven’t had lunch. 我還未吃午飯。
He hasn’t gone to Beijing. 他還沒(méi)有去北京。
③一般疑問(wèn)句形式及其答語(yǔ)。(將助動(dòng)詞have/has提前，答語(yǔ)一般用have, has回答)
e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃過(guò)午飯了沒(méi)? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Has he gone to Beijing? 他去過(guò)北京了沒(méi)有? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
否定回答還可以用：No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。
④特殊疑問(wèn)句形式。(疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句)
e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里?
3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的三個(gè)基本用法。
(1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第一個(gè)基本用法表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的某一個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 你吃過(guò)午飯沒(méi)?有，吃過(guò)了，我剛剛吃的。(影響及結(jié)果：我現(xiàn)在飽了，不需要了)
He has gone to Beijing. 他已經(jīng)去北京了。(影響及結(jié)果：他人現(xiàn)在不在這里了)
該用法常already(已經(jīng)), never(從不), ever(曾經(jīng)), yet(仍然), just(剛剛), before(以前)等副詞(作狀語(yǔ))連用。
?、賏lready, just, ever, never常用于助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。 already, just多用于肯定陳述句。
e.g. She has already finished her work. 她早已干完了活。
Would you like to go to see the film? No, I’ve seen it already.不，我已經(jīng)看過(guò)了。(already偶爾會(huì)出現(xiàn)于句末)
They have just won a game. 他們剛剛贏了一場(chǎng)比賽。
有時(shí)already可以用于疑問(wèn)句，表示期待肯定回答，或表示驚訝、意外。
e.g. Have you finished reading the book already? 你真的已經(jīng)讀完這本書(shū)了?(表示驚訝)
ever多用于疑問(wèn)句，問(wèn)初次經(jīng)歷。
e.g. Have you ever spoken to a foreigner? 你跟外國(guó)人講過(guò)話嗎?(問(wèn)初次經(jīng)歷)
never多用于否定陳述句(注：本身表示否定意義)
e.g. He has never done such a thing, has he? 他從來(lái)沒(méi)有做過(guò)這樣的事，不是嗎?(否定)
②yet一般用于疑問(wèn)句(已經(jīng))或否定句(還)，常位于句末。
e.g. Have you got ready yet? 你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了嗎? He hasn’t finished his homework yet. 他還沒(méi)完成作業(yè)。
?、踒efore一般位于句末。
e.g. I have never seen the film before. 以前我從未看過(guò)那部電影。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第一種用法常與以上的副詞連用，因此這些詞有時(shí)可以作為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞。
(2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第二個(gè)基本用法表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。該用法常和表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
?、倥cfor +一段時(shí)間連用，表示多久。
e.g. He has learned English for two years. 他已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)兩年英語(yǔ)了。
I have been here for three days. 我在這里已經(jīng)3天了。
?、谂csince +時(shí)間(起點(diǎn))連用，表示自…以來(lái)。
e.g. His father has worked in that factory since 1991. 他爸爸自1991年以來(lái)都在這家工廠工作。
I’ve had a cold since last Friday. 自上星期五起我就感冒了。
?、叟csince +一段時(shí)間+ ago連用，表示自…以前就…。
e.g. Jim has waited there since half an hour ago. 吉姆自半個(gè)小時(shí)前就已經(jīng)在那里等候了。
He has stayed here since three weeks ago. 他在這兒已呆了三個(gè)星期。
?、芘csince +從句(從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))連用，表示自某事發(fā)生后就一直…。
e.g.The Greens have lived in Beijng since they came to China. 格林一家自從來(lái)到中國(guó)后就一直住在北京。
I’ve known her since I came to work here. 自從我來(lái)這里工作就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。
(3) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第三個(gè)基本用法表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一時(shí)期中多次動(dòng)作的總和或所做過(guò)的工作的量的積累。
e.g. I have been to Beijing twice. 我去過(guò)北京兩次。
We’ve learnt five English songs this year. 今年我們學(xué)了五首英語(yǔ)歌曲。
How many pages of the book have you read? 這本書(shū)你讀了多少頁(yè)了?
4延續(xù)性與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中的使用。
(1)有一些動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，也叫非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，這些動(dòng)詞一發(fā)生就結(jié)束了，常見(jiàn)的有：come, go, arrive, reach, leave, begin, start, buy, join, die, borrow, get up, become, open, stop等。這些動(dòng)詞雖然可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(說(shuō)明某個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果還存在)，但由于它們不能延續(xù)，因此不能跟表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。(也即現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的第二個(gè)基本用法中不能使用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)。
e.g. Jim has come back. (正) 吉姆已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。
Jim has come back for a month. (誤) come back的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù)一個(gè)月，因此錯(cuò)誤。
(2)瞬間動(dòng)詞不可以用于有段時(shí)間的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中，因此，若要解決這一問(wèn)題，就應(yīng)把它改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，主要有以下幾種：
?、儆孟鄳?yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
如：buy → have borrow → keep come/go/become → be put on → wear catch a cold → have a cold ②轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞
如：join → be a member of go to school → be a student ③轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞
如：die → be dead leave → be away begin → be on finish → be over fall asleep — be asleep open → be open get up → be up close → closed ④轉(zhuǎn)換成be+介詞短語(yǔ)
如：come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach …→ be in/at… join the army → be in the army(軍隊(duì))
e.g. I have borrowed the book. 我已經(jīng)借了那本書(shū)。
I have kept the book for two days. 我已經(jīng)借那本書(shū)兩天了。
Jim has joined the band. 吉姆已經(jīng)加入那樂(lè)隊(duì)了。
Jim has been a member of the band for a month. 吉姆已經(jīng)加入那個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì)一個(gè)月了。
His grandfather has died. 他祖父已經(jīng)死了。
His grandfather has been dead for 2 years. 他祖父已經(jīng)死了兩年了。
My father has arrived in China. 我父親已經(jīng)到達(dá)中國(guó)了。
My father has been in China for a week. 我父親已經(jīng)在中國(guó)一個(gè)星期了。
(3)在否定句中，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以與時(shí)間段連用。
e.g. I haven’t borrowed books from the library since last year. 自去年以來(lái)我就沒(méi)有在圖書(shū)館借過(guò)書(shū)。
Jim hasn’t come back for a year. 吉姆已有一年沒(méi)回來(lái)了。
5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種常見(jiàn)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化成一般過(guò)去時(shí)，還可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“It is/has been +時(shí)間段+since從句(用一般過(guò)去時(shí))”等句型。
e.g. Jim has been back for a month. 吉姆已經(jīng)回來(lái)一個(gè)月了。 = Jim came back a month ago. 吉姆一個(gè)月前就回來(lái)了
= It is/has been a month since Jim came back. 自吉姆回來(lái)已經(jīng)有一個(gè)月了。 = A month has passed since Jim came back. I have kept the book for two days. = I borrowed the book two days ago.
= It is / has been two days since I borrowed the book. = Two days has passed since I borrowed the book.
6現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，它和現(xiàn)在有密切的聯(lián)系。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)下列的標(biāo)志詞。
如：already, yet, just, ever, never, several times, before, so far, for +時(shí)間段, since +時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句等。一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，不涉及對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，所以凡含有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子，都必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
初一到初三英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)
初一年級(jí)(上)
【知識(shí)梳理】
I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1. Sit down
2. on duty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see? I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 交際用語(yǔ)
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on duty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要語(yǔ)法
1. 動(dòng)詞be的用法;
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;
3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;
4. 冠詞的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
【名師講解】
1. in/on
在表示空間位置時(shí)，in表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以內(nèi)，on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如：
There is a bird in the tree. 樹(shù)上有只鳥(niǎo)。
There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有張圖。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：
You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看這個(gè)盒子，我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。
Take these books to his room, please. 請(qǐng)把這些書(shū)拿到他房間去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 這個(gè)是我的，那個(gè)是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋(píng)果，那些是橘子。
(2)在打電話的用語(yǔ)中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對(duì)方。例如：
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰(shuí)?
3. There be/ have
There be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。There be 后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語(yǔ)，be 動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如：
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂(lè)。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹(shù)上有許多蘋(píng)果。
總之，There be結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞，與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系。例如：
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”，著重指認(rèn)真看，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，表示有意識(shí)地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對(duì)方注意。，如：
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X游戲。
Look! What’s that over there? 看!那邊那個(gè)是什么?
單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞，如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語(yǔ)，如：
He’s looking at me。他正在看著我。
(2)see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，著重的是look這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動(dòng)詞，后面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)。如：
What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什么?
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?
(3)watch“觀看，注視”，側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我們從電視上看了一場(chǎng)足球比賽。
4. put on/ / in
put on意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動(dòng)作, 后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。
in 是介詞，表示“穿著”強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo)語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。如：
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色襯衣的那個(gè)婦女是John的媽媽。
5. house/ home/family
house ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一個(gè)人同家人共同經(jīng)常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“，“家庭成員”。例如：
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纭?/p>
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ)，而后者僅用作表語(yǔ)。主要區(qū)別在于：
(1) fine指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的"精細(xì)"，形容人時(shí)表示的是"身體健康"，也
可以用來(lái)指"天氣晴朗"。例如：
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好時(shí)候。
(2)nice主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于問(wèn)候或贊揚(yáng)別人。例如：
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 見(jiàn)到你很高興。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人時(shí)指"品德好"，形容物時(shí)指"質(zhì)量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語(yǔ)。例如：
Her son is a good student. 她兒子是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。
The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。
(4)well只可用來(lái)形容人的"身體好"，但不能作定語(yǔ)，它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ)，多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后。例如：
I'm very well, thanks. 我身體很好，謝謝。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好。
【考點(diǎn)掃描】
中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：
1. 動(dòng)詞be的用法;
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;
3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;
4. 冠詞的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型;
7. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的日常交際用語(yǔ)。
考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動(dòng)詞show后面跟雙賓語(yǔ)，空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語(yǔ)。
2. (2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)
_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.
A. A B.An C. / D. The
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因?yàn)槭翘刂刚n桌上的那個(gè)橘子，所以用定冠詞the。
3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)
---What _______ the number of the girls in your class?
---About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是動(dòng)詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該是單數(shù)第三人稱，動(dòng)詞be變?yōu)閕s。
4. (2004年陜西省中考試題)
There _______ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是There be…句型和動(dòng)詞have用法區(qū)別。There be句型本身就表示“在某個(gè)地方存在某個(gè)人或物”，不能和動(dòng)詞have混在一起用。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項(xiàng)填空
1. ---What colour is the bike?
---It’s _______ orange.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. That isn’t her bag. It’s ________.
A. my B. I C. mine D. me
3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice.
---__________________.
A. That’s right B. No, it’s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you
4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.
A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches
5. It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go home.
A. to B. in C. for D. on
6. ---________ is your coat?
---The black one.
A. What B. Where C. Which D. How
7. ---________ is the toy?
---It’s on the bed.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose
8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there.
A. it B. they C. their D. them
9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please?
A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at
10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher.
A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after
11. ---Whose dress is this?
---It’s _________.
A. Lucy B. Lucy’s C. Jim D. Jim’s
12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
13. There is a bird ______ the tree.
A. in B. on C. to D. of
14. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman teacher
C. women teacher D. women teachers
15. ---Is there a ball under the desk?
---______________________.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there’s
C. No, there isn’t D. No, there is
16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
17. ---Let me help you.
---_______________.
A. You’re welcome B. Thanks very much
C. Don’t worry D. Yes, thanks
18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
19. ---What _____ five plus six?
---It’s eleven.
A. am B. is C. are D. /
20. ---What ______ you see in the picture?
---I can see some flowers.
A. must B. can C. are D. do
二. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat’s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate’s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he’s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.
1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers
2. A. look B. do C. see D.put
3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
4. A. on B. of C. in D. to
5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking
7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt
8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D. How is
9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
三. 在B欄中找出A欄英語(yǔ)句子的正確答語(yǔ)
(A) (B)
1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.
2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.
3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.
4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.
5. What’s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.
6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.
7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.
8. Who’s not here? H. It’s here.
9. Where is the bag? I. It’s a book.
10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?
四. 完成對(duì)話：在對(duì)話后面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處
Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?
Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it’s Sam’s. My dog is brown.
Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________?
Sam: Sorry, it isn’t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary’s.
Jim: _____________3______________?
Sam: She’s my friend. Look! She’s over there. Let’s go and ask her.
Jim: _______________4_______________.
Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?
Mary: _______________5_______________.
Sam: It’s a lovely dog! Don’t lose it!
Mary: Yes, thank you.
A. Who’s Mary
B. OK, let’s go
C. Oh, no it’s not mine
D. Oh, yes. It’s mine
E. Is it yours
五. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box.
2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed.
3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this?
4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)?
---No, they aren’t ________ (we)
5. It’s time ________ (go) and play games.
6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I).
7. I have two ________ (baby).
8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.
9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.
10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.
初一年級(jí)(下)
【知識(shí)梳理】
I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1. a bottle of
2. a little
3. a lot (of)
4. all day
5. be from
6. be over
7. come back
8. come from
9. do one’s homework
10. do the shopping
11. get down
12. get home
13. get to
14. get up
15. go shopping
16. have a drink of
17. have a look
18. have breakfast
19. have lunch
20. have supper
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