比切斯托夫人英文簡(jiǎn)介
比切斯托夫人，美國(guó)作家，著名小說(shuō)《湯姆叔叔的小屋》的作者，下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的比切斯托夫人英文簡(jiǎn)介，供大家參閱!
比切·斯托夫人簡(jiǎn)介
Harriet Beecher Stowe (June 14, 1819 - July 1, 1896), author of the American writer, the famous novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin", June 18, 1811 Was born in North America, a famous pastor family, died in 1896. The Civil War, the slavery war, was carried out in the 1860s. But since the 1820s, the problem of slavery has become the central issue of American public opinion. At that time many well-known American writers stood on the side of the abolition, calling for the liberation of the slaves. Mrs. Stowe is one of the most outstanding of the abolitionist writers. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" inspired a generation of "abolitionist movement", also put the civil war on the stage of history, by the American authority of the journal "Atlantic Monthly" as the impact of the United States 100 characters 41.
比切·斯托夫人人物生平
Father is famous priest Riman Bishop. The influence of the fatherhood was influenced by the Calvinism. The young age accepted the liberal belief by the influence of his uncle Samuel Ford. She liked to read Scott's romantic novel, which was evident in her later writings. In 1832, she moved to Cincinnati with her family, taught at a women's school, and wrote essays about New England life. In 1836, she married Professor C.E. Stowe of the theological school where my father was located. In the meantime, she visited Kentucky, witnessed the life of the slave there, which provided material for her later novels; she was also influenced by strong anti-slavery in his father's school. This sentiment became the tone of her novels. In 1850, she moved to Maine with her husband, where the discussion of anti-slavery made her very excited, and used free time to write "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1852). The novel caused a strong reaction, so that she fame. In order to refute the attack of conservative forces, in 1853 she published the "Uncle Tom's Cabin" solution, quoting the law, court files, newspapers and private letters and other materials to prove her novel revealed the facts. Her other major works are: "Dreid, the story of the dark moorland" (1856), "the pearl of the island" (1862), "the old town of people" (1869), "pink and white Of the tyranny "(1871), as well as some religious poems, published in 1867 published" religious poems ". She also wrote a fictional essay on the maintenance of feminist "my wife and me" (1871), which is often cited today by feminists. Mrs. Stowe lived mainly in Florida in his later years and described her quiet life there in the book "Palm Leaves" (1873).
In 1811, Harriet Bichie Stowe was born in a priest's home in Leicester, Connecticut. She was influenced by theology, and her life was basically spent in the religious atmosphere. In her teens, she was well educated at Hartford, especially in love. In addition to studying theology, she also read a lot of works by Byron and Scott, the two famous writers of her later creation had a great impact.
When Harriet Bichr Stowe was fourteen years old, the family moved to Boston and moved to Cincinnati a few years later, and her father, Emmanuel Bicht, was appointed dean of the Rennes of the Dean. Harriet lived with his father in Cincinnati until 1850. She soon met in the middle school to get to know the teacher of the Ryan Theological School Calvin Stowe, married and had six children. During this time, she occasionally wrote essays and novels for the magazine.
The city of Cincinnati is located on the banks of the Ohio River in Kentucky, and the outskirts of the city is a large serf farmer. At that time, there was one of the centers of the North American abolitionist movement, and in the urban areas were often able to hear the passionate speeches against the slave system. At the same time Cincinnati is also the refuge of the slavery, they through the "underground railway", the Cincinnati as a transit point, and then fled to Canada or the North free state.
Under the influence of the abolitionist movement, Mrs. Stowe also deeply sympathized with the slaves. Lehman Bishop's house was placed on slavery, which gave Mrs. Stowe the opportunity to hear the tragic experience of slavery and accusations of slavery. Later, Mrs. Stowe had a chance to visit a few plantations in Maysville, Kentucky with friends, and witnessed the misdeeds of the slave labor and life - and later became "Uncle Tom's Cabin" The prototype of the plantation. Mrs. Stowe's brother was a businessman who traveled frequently between New Orleans and the Red River County. He told Mrs. Stowe a lot about the cruelty of the southern slave, the tragic story, especially in a merchant ship on the Mississippi River The stolen slave of a cruelty made Mrs. Stowe shocked. Later, on the basis of this person, Mrs. Stowe succeeded in shaping the image of the negative character of Legrand.
In 1850, Mr. Stowe was hired as a professor at the Bowen College in Maine, and the family moved to the north of New England. There, Mrs. Stowe gradually became a firm abolitionist.
One day, Mrs. Stowe received a letter from her husband, and her wife, Edward Bitcher, asked her to write something in her letter to let the people of the country know what the abominable slavery was. At that time, Stowe's family members supported her, and they were also active participants in the abolitionist movement. Her brother Edward had an impassioned slavery speech in a church in Boston, and her another brother, Henry Ward, held a striking special black slave auction at the Brooklyn church to let them get free. So, Mrs. Stowe said to learn the kind of brother, she must write. She said, "God will help me, and I will write what I know, and as long as I am alive, I will write it."
A few days later, the first chapter of Uncle Tom's House was written. According to Mrs. Stowe's memories, once, she was praying at the church of Brunswick, and suddenly her inspiration was in my heart, and Uncle Tom's encounter gradually formed a complete story in her mind. In the afternoon, she came home, locked the door, the disease on the book up. The paper is not enough, she used food wrapping paper instead. After writing the first chapter, Stovne read to her husband and the children. They were deeply touched, and Mr. Stowe encouraged his wife to keep writing and saying, "Write this, you can write a great book.
Then, Mrs. Stowe wrote to Gabriel Bailey, a friend in Washington, who wrote the plan "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Gamel Bell is an editor of the abolitionist book "The Ethnian Times" in Washington, where she was the guest of Stowe, when she hosted the "philanthropist" in Cincinnati. In her letter to her, Mrs. Stowe said: "Uncle Tom's house" can be in the "New Age" three to four serial. Gamel Bailey was pleased to reply to the letter immediately and sent $ 300 for the royalties. From June 1851 onwards, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" began in this advocate slavery weekly magazine published. As a result, the situation is surprising, Mrs Stowe wrote more and more, the characters, the plot, the dialogue started like a snowball, "Tom Uncle's hut" actually in the "national era" serial for nearly a year (forty Multi-period). After the novel was serialized, Mrs. Stowe said, "This novel is written by God himself. I am just a pen in her hand.
In 1856 she published "Dreid, gloomy Great Everglades of the story", to further expose the slavery society of social degradation.
In 1859 she published the novel "priest's proposal". In 1869, the "old town residents" were describing her familiar New England life.
In 1869, she passed the study of historical data, published "Byron life truth", revealing Byron and his sister had incestuous love relationship. Because the poet Byron is the idol of the British mind, this article in the UK caused a big rush, the British began to attack her.
In 1896, she died at Hartford, aged 85 years. And her husband were buried in the campus of Andover Phillips College.
比切·斯托夫人個(gè)人作品
"Uncle Tom's Cabin"
The book was first published in the "national era" magazine in 1852, although the "national era" of the circulation is not large, but "Uncle Tom's house" but "Tom's uncle's house" Has won thousands of enthusiastic readers. The second year, a small publishing house in Boston, the John Deutsche Publishing Company, decided to publish the book. The first edition printed five thousand copies, the first day sold three thousand copies, the second day all sold out. And then reprint, a week plus 10 million copies, but also a sale and empty. And then printed, within a year the United States eight publishers day and night to print out three hundred thousand books still can not meet the needs of readers. At that time almost every literacy of the Americans are scrambling to read this "exciting" novel.
Not long after, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in the foreign reputation. First, a young editor of the American Putnam Publishing Company sent a publisher to the UK. Within a year, there were 18 publishing companies in the UK competing for 1.5 million copies and distributed to the UK The island and the Commonwealth countries. European publishers also acted, only a few years, the book was translated into France, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy and other twenty-two languages, affecting the world.
At the same time, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was adapted into a script, onto the stage. Countless troupes and countless scripts staged around the world. In this case, Mrs. Stow is not in favor, but she can not stop living.
The spread of Uncle Tom's house made Stowe a world-minded figure. She was invited to visit Europe three times. In the UK, she was met by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. She also met famous writers George Elliott, Dickens, Kingsley, Raskin, Macaulay and Gladstone. England and the European continent of the ordinary people is warmly welcome the "new continent" from the slaves of the heroes. In Edinburgh, people donated 1,000 gold pound coins, and asked Mrs. Stowe to bring back to the United States for the abolition of slavery in North America.
Of course, in the "Uncle Tom's Cottage," a version of the praise of the sound also mixed with screaming screams, on behalf of the interests of the southern slaves propaganda mouthpiece "Southern Literature News" and so on, accused Mrs. Stowe "distorted facts", novel Is the "illusion of reflection". At first, "Uncle Tom's Cottage" was free to sell in the Southern Book Market, and soon became a banned book, who had this book would feel insecure. In order to answer the blame and slander against her, Mrs. Stowe wrote the "About Uncle Tom's Cabinet", which published the background material, documents, anecdotes, minutes and other content of the book, a total of four parts The The first part is the description of the characters; the second part criticizes the escape law; the third part introduces the typical experiences of several slaves, points out the necessity of changing the southern slavery; the last part is the allegations of the split position of the church. "The description of" Uncle Tom's Cabin "did not cause much reaction. A British publishers who had been stolen "Uncle Tom's House" made a fortune, did not forget the words, and stole the "note" fifty thousand copies, dreamed of another windfall, but in the end because of bad sales and broken production.
When President Lincoln later interviewed Mrs. Stowe, he was jokingly saying that she was "writing a book and making a little woman in a war." This joke fully reflects the novel "Uncle Tom's Cottage" great influence.
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