毛澤東英文簡介
毛澤東，無產(chǎn)階級革命家，現(xiàn)代世界歷史中最重要的人物之一，下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理的毛澤東英文簡介，希望對你有用!
毛澤東簡介
Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893 - September 9, 1976), the word Run of the (original Yongzhi, after the change Runzhi), pen name Ren Ren. Hunan Xiangtan people. The Chinese people's leaders, the Marxists, the great proletarian revolutionaries, strategists and theorists, the Chinese Communist Party, the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the People's Republic of China, the main founders and leaders, poets, calligraphers. From 1949 to 1976, Mao Zedong served as the highest leader of the People's Republic of China. His contribution to the development of Marxism-Leninism, the contribution of military theory, and his theoretical contribution to the Communist Party was called Mao Zedong Thought. Because Mao Zedong served as the main duties almost all called the chairman, it was also known as "Chairman Mao". Mao Zedong was regarded as one of the most important figures in the history of modern world. "Time" magazine also rated him one of the most influential people in the 20th century.
毛澤東生平簡介
Mao Zedong, Hunan Xiangtan people. Born in December 26, 1893, a peasant family. After the outbreak of the Revolution in the uprising in the new army when the half-year soldiers. 1914 ~ 1918, in Hunan first normal school. On the eve of graduation and Cai Hesen and other organizations revolutionary groups Xinmin Society. Before and after the May Fourth Movement to contact and accept Marxism, in November 1920, in Hunan to create communist organizations. In 1921 July, attended the first national congress of the Communist Party of China, after the CPC Hunan district committee secretary, leading Changsha, Anyuan and other workers movement. June 1923, attended the Communist Party of China "three", was elected as the central executive committee, to participate in the central leadership. After the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang in January 1924, he was elected as the alternate central executive committee at the first and second national congress of the Kuomintang. He served as the acting minister of the propaganda department of the Kuomintang Central Committee in Guangzhou, and edited the "political weekly" to host the sixth peasant Sports school. In November 1926, he served as secretary of the CPC Central Committee of Peasant Movement.
In the spring of 1925 to the spring of 1927, he published the "Analysis of Various Classes in Chinese Society" and "The Report of the Hunan Peasant Movement", pointing out the importance of the peasant problem in the Chinese revolution and the extreme importance of the proletarian leadership of the peasantry. Chen Duxiu 's Rightist Thought.
After the Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was fully broken, at the emergency meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in August 1927, he proposed that "the regime was made from the guns", that is, the idea of taking power in revolutionary armed forces and was elected alternate member of the Central Political Bureau. After the meeting, to Hunan, Jiangxi border leadership autumn harvest uprising. Then the uprising forces on Jinggangshan, launched the land revolution, the creation of the first rural revolutionary base. In April 1928, with the uprising forces led by Zhu De joined forces, the establishment of the workers and peasants revolutionary army (soon renamed the Red Army) Fourth Army, he served as the party, former enemy committee secretary. The Chinese Communists, represented by him, proceeded from the reality of China and developed the armed struggle in the relatively weak rural areas under the Kuomintang regime, and created a road to encircle the city with the countryside and finally to seize the city and the national power. He was in the "red power of China why can exist?", "The fire of the stars, you can start a prairie fire" and other works on the issue from the theoretical exposition.
May 1930, write "against books", put forward "no investigation, no voice" of the famous assertion. In August, the first army of the Red Army was established, as general political commissar. November 7, 1931, the Provisional Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic was established in Jiangxi Ruijin, was elected chairman. In 1933 January, was elected by the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau. From the end of 1930, with Zhu De led the Red Army to overcome the KMT army's many "encirclement and suppression". Mao Zedong was excluded from the leadership of the party and the Red Army, leading to the failure of the Red Army in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression", following the "left" line of leadership led by Wang Ming as the leading group entered the central revolutionary base.
In October 1934, to participate in the red side of the army long march. On the way to the Long March, in January 1935, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held an enlarged meeting in Guizhou (ie Zunyi Conference), and established the new central leadership represented by Mao Zedong. In October, the CPC Central Committee and the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, ending the Long March. In December, the report of "On the Japanese imperialist strategy", clarified the anti-Japanese national united front policy. In 1936 October, the Red Army three main teachers. In December 1936, with Zhou Enlai and other peaceful events to promote peace in Xi'an, which became a civil war to the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China to switch to the current situation of the hub. In the same month, write "the strategic issue of the Chinese revolutionary war". In the summer of 1937, writing "theory of practice" and "contradiction". After the start of the Anti-Japanese War, the CPC Central Committee headed by him adhered to the principle of independence in the united front, strived to mobilize the masses, carry out enemy guerrilla warfare, and established many large anti-Japanese base areas. In October 1938, the guiding principle of "Marxism in China" was put forward at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he published important works such as "protracted war", "Communist", "New Democracy" and "New Democracy". In February 1942, he led the whole Party to carry out the rectification movement, corrected subjectivism and sectarianism, and made the whole party further grasp the basic direction of the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism and the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution. In order to win the Anti-Japanese War and the National Revolution Victory laid the ideological foundation. In March 1943, he was elected chairman of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. In May, the leadership of the military and civilian areas to carry out production movement, through a serious economic difficulties.
1945 April to June presided over the convening of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, as "on the coalition government" report. The General Assembly formulated the strategy of "letting the masses mobilize the masses, strengthen the people's power, under the leadership of the Communist Party, defeat the Japanese invaders, liberate the people and build a new-democratic China". Mao Zedong Thought was identified as the guiding ideology of the CCP at this conference. He has served as chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China since the seventh plenary session and died on September 9,
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek proposed a "tit-for-tat" struggle against Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to eliminate the reality of the Communist Party and its armed forces. In August 1945 went to Chongqing to negotiate with Chiang Kai-shek, indicating that the Chinese Communist Party's desire for domestic peace.
In 1946 the summer Chiang Kai-shek launched a comprehensive civil war, Mao Zedong and Zhu De, Zhou Enlai to lead the Chinese People's Liberation Army to actively defend, focus on superior forces, each annihilated the enemy. March 1947 to March 1948, with Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi fought in northern Shaanxi, commanding the northwest battlefield and the national liberation war. In the summer of 1947, the Chinese People's Liberation Army from the strategic defense into a strategic attack, led by his party under the leadership of the Central Committee, through the Liaoshen, Huaihai, Pingjin three campaigns and the April 1949 crossing the battle, overthrew the Kuomintang government. In March 1949, he presided over the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh CPC Central Committee, and made important reports, decided to shift the party's work from rural to urban areas, the provisions of the party after the victory of the basic policies, called on the whole party must remain modest , Cautious, not arrogant, impatient style, be sure to continue to maintain the style of hard work. July 1, published "on the people's democratic dictatorship", provides the nature of the people's regime and its internal and external basic policy.
On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was established, he was elected chairman of the Central People's Government. In June 1950, he presided over the Third Plenary Session of the Seventh CPC Central Committee and put forward the overall task of fighting for the basic improvement of the state's financial and economic situation. In October, forced by the US military to attack the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, threatening the situation in northeastern China, led by the CPC Central Committee decided to carry out the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. 1950-1952, under his leadership, carried out land reform, suppressed counter-revolution and other democratic reforms, carried out against the corruption, against waste, against the bureaucracy of the "three anti" movement and against bribery, against tax evasion, Deceive the state property, against the cut corners, against the theft of economic intelligence "five anti" movement. In June 1953, according to his proposal, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China announced the general line of the Party in the transitional period and began to systematically carry out socialist industrialization and socialist transformation of the private ownership of the means of production. In September 1954, the first session of the First National People's Congress adopted the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, which was drafted by him. He was elected as the first president of the People's Republic of China at that time. April.
In April 1956, the speech of "On the Ten Major Relations" made some preliminary explorations on the road of building socialism suited to China's national conditions. Then, at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee put forward the "flourishing, a hundred schools of thought" approach. In September, the socialist transformation of the privatization of the means of production was basically completed. The CCP convened the Eighth National Congress, pointing out that the main task of the people of the whole country has been transformed into a concentrated effort to develop social productive forces. But this policy has not been seriously implemented, resulting in a series of future guidance work on the mistakes and setbacks. In February 1957, he made a speech on "Correctly Handling the Contradictions among the People", and put forward the correct distinction between the two principles of contradiction between the enemy and the enemy and the people within the socialist society.
In July 1957, it was proposed that "there is a demand for a political situation that is centralized and democratic, there are disciplines and freedom, and there is a unified will and a personal feeling is so vibrant and lively." In 1958 May, launched the "Great Leap Forward" and the rural people's commune movement. In 1959 July, presided over the meeting held Lushan. He wanted to correct the errors that had been perceived, but in the latter part of the meeting wrongly launched a criticism of Peng Dehuai, after the party in the wrong party to carry out the "anti-rightist" struggle. From the winter of 1960 to the beginning of 1965, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee headed by him, the policy of "adjusting, consolidating, enriching and improving" the national economy was carried out to correct the mistakes in the Great Leap Forward and the people's commune movement. The national economy has been relatively rapid recovery and development. During this period, he proposed a series of measures to initially correct the rural work and other aspects of the "left" error. But at the Third Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in September 1962, he expanded and absolved the class struggle that existed within a certain range of the socialist society and developed his proletariat after the anti-rightist struggle in July 1957 The contradiction between class and bourgeoisie is still the main contradiction of Chinese society. 1963 ~ 1965, launched the rural and urban socialist education movement, put forward the focus of the movement is the so-called "party to take the capitalist way of power." Beginning in the 1950s, he led the Communist Party of China to pursue the great struggle of the leaders of the Soviet Communist Party and the intervention and control of China.
In May 1966, as a result of an extreme estimate of the situation of the domestic class struggle, he launched the "Cultural Revolution" campaign, which was particularly violent by Lin Biao and Jiang Qing's two counter-revolutionary groups, And his control, as well as the continuation of ten years, so that many aspects of China suffered serious damage and loss. In the "Cultural Revolution", Mao Zedong also stopped and corrected some specific errors. He led the struggle to crush Lin Biao counterrevolutionary group, not to Jiang Qing, Zhang Chunqiao to seize the highest leadership ambition to succeed.
September 9, 1976, died in Beijing, at the age of 83 years old.
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