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　　中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育是《九年制義務(wù)教育》的必修課。新課標(biāo)《中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育大綱》對美術(shù)的學(xué)科性質(zhì)、功能的規(guī)定，作了具體的闡釋。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家推薦的中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育淺談?wù)撐?，希望大家喜歡!</p><h2> 　　中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育淺談?wù)撐钠?/h2><p> 　　《淺談中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的功用》</p><p> 　　【摘要】中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育是《九年制義務(wù)教育》的必修課。新課標(biāo)《中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育大綱》對美術(shù)的學(xué)科性質(zhì)、功能的規(guī)定，作了具體的闡釋。本文闡述了中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的社會功用，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的育德功用，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的美育功用。</p><p> 　　【關(guān)鍵詞】美術(shù)教育;社會功用;育德功用</p><p> 　　中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育是按照《九年制義務(wù)教育全日制美術(shù)教育大綱》而編排的，是以中共中央、國務(wù)院《關(guān)于深化教育改革全面推進素質(zhì)教育的決定》為指針，以促進中小學(xué)生的人格全面發(fā)展為出發(fā)點、提高中小學(xué)生的審美文化素質(zhì)、創(chuàng)新實踐能力為核心，為培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展的社會主義建設(shè)人才為目的。因而，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育有如下功用。</p><p> 　　一、什么是美術(shù)?</p><p> 　　首先，美術(shù)是藝術(shù)的重要組成部分，它包括繪畫、雕塑、建筑和工藝美術(shù)等。它是運用一定的物質(zhì)材料，通過造型的手段創(chuàng)造出來的一種主要通過人的視覺去觀賞的藝術(shù)。所以，美術(shù)也稱“造型藝術(shù)”或“視覺藝術(shù)”。其次，美術(shù)是人類的一種創(chuàng)造性活動，美術(shù)作品則是人的內(nèi)在生活(思想、觀念、情感)的物化形態(tài)，是人類文明的重要組成部分。因此，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育與語文數(shù)學(xué)教育教學(xué)等同重要。</p><p> 　　二、美術(shù)的社會功用</p><p> 　　美術(shù)作為藝術(shù)的一個門類，如同其他藝術(shù)的社會作用一樣，貼近于生活，與我們的生活息息相關(guān)，密不可分。</p><p> 　　繪畫、雕塑供人欣賞，給人們生活帶來美;工藝美術(shù)在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜夭豢缮?，隨處可見;建筑藝術(shù)不但供人欣賞，更是人們賴以居住、賴以生存的空間藝術(shù)。</p><p> 　　縱觀中華五千多年歷史，從彩陶文化、青銅藝術(shù)到清代瓷器;從洞窟壁畫到八大山人;從象形文字到現(xiàn)代書法，美術(shù)它都是和社會生活緊密相關(guān)的。是美術(shù)推動了社會的發(fā)展，社會的發(fā)展繁榮了美術(shù)，由此看來，美術(shù)的社會功用尤為突出。</p><p> 　　三、中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的任務(wù)</p><p> 　　中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的任務(wù)包括：指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進行美術(shù)欣賞，帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生進行創(chuàng)造實踐活動。美術(shù)欣賞在于通過觀賞中外美術(shù)作品、使中小學(xué)生了解博大精深的中華美術(shù)文化及豐富多彩的外國美術(shù)文化，認(rèn)識美術(shù)的一些基本規(guī)律及特點，美術(shù)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展概況，提高學(xué)生的審美意識和審美能力。創(chuàng)造實踐活動包括繪畫和動手制作，通過學(xué)生的動手動腦，拓寬學(xué)生廣闊的視野，啟迪學(xué)生豐富的智慧，開發(fā)學(xué)生敏銳的思維，提高學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平，并有助于中小學(xué)語數(shù)學(xué)科的教學(xué)。</p><p> 　　四、中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的功用</p><p> 　　1.中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的社會功用。首先，美術(shù)作品產(chǎn)生于社會并服務(wù)于社會。新課標(biāo)《中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育大綱》對美術(shù)的學(xué)科性質(zhì)、功能的規(guī)定，作了具體的闡釋，即“以提高學(xué)生的審美文化素質(zhì)為核心的主旨，為培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展祖國建設(shè)人才服務(wù)。”闡明了中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的社會功用，明確指出學(xué)生今后必須適應(yīng)社會而為社會服務(wù)。其次，美術(shù)教育同其他學(xué)科一樣，有它的必然性和特殊性。必然性在于，美術(shù)是九年義務(wù)教育中不可或缺的一個學(xué)科，是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生審美能力，學(xué)習(xí)美術(shù)繪畫技巧和制作技巧的必修課。特殊性在于，藝術(shù)起源于人類社會的發(fā)展，是在發(fā)展壯大中形成的一種獨特的文化形式，是人類社會認(rèn)識活動和實踐活動的概括和總結(jié)。因此，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的社會功用顯而易見。</p><p> 　　2.中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的育德功用。首先，“藝術(shù)”體現(xiàn)了一個時代的要求和特點，象征著一個時代的精神，蘊含著一個時代的文化內(nèi)涵，是時代文化和精神的產(chǎn)物。要培養(yǎng)和造就時代文化的傳承人，藝術(shù)教育就要從中小學(xué)抓起，從而起到事半功倍的效果。中小學(xué)美術(shù)教材安排了大量的中外美術(shù)作品欣賞，其目的在于讓中小學(xué)生了解中外美術(shù)的發(fā)展概況，中華美術(shù)的博大精深和精神實質(zhì)，用以陶冶學(xué)生的高尚情操，培養(yǎng)他們美好的心靈和優(yōu)良的道德品質(zhì)。例如：欣賞油畫作品《開國大典》使學(xué)生們感受到中華人民共和國成立時，偉大領(lǐng)袖毛澤東在天安門城樓莊嚴(yán)宣告“中國人民從此站起來了”，從而增強了學(xué)生的愛國熱情和民族自信心。欣賞《萬里長城》讓學(xué)生感到長城的雄偉壯觀、體現(xiàn)了古代勞動人民精湛的建筑藝術(shù)，是中國古代勞動人民勤勞和智慧的結(jié)晶。通過這樣的潛移默化，讓學(xué)生的心靈得到了熏陶、情感得到了升華，使學(xué)生的思想品德得到很大的提升。由此，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育也是育德的最好途徑。其次，通過繪畫和手工制作，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生動手動腦能力，養(yǎng)成學(xué)生動手動腦的習(xí)慣，熱愛勞動的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。例如：畫一幅畫，要從立意、構(gòu)圖、刻畫、上色這些基本步驟做起，通過制作實踐活動，使學(xué)生體會到，藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作一件藝術(shù)作品來之不易，從而讓學(xué)生更加熱愛藝術(shù)，熱愛生活，珍愛藝術(shù)作品，增強學(xué)生對藝術(shù)家的崇拜與向往，更重要的是：在勞動實踐中培育了學(xué)生的高尚品德。</p><p> 　　3.中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的美育功用。美育，是以培養(yǎng)美的情操和對藝術(shù)的興趣為主要任務(wù)的教育。而藝術(shù)作品則是充滿激情與活力的創(chuàng)造性活動的結(jié)晶。因此，美育是中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育的重要課題。</p><p> 　　首先，中小學(xué)美術(shù)課本選編了大量的中外藝術(shù)作品，使學(xué)生有了解中外藝術(shù)文化的依據(jù)。因此，在中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育中，藝術(shù)欣賞是最重要的美術(shù)教育之一。學(xué)生通過一件件中外美術(shù)作品的欣賞，了解到中外文化的差異和各自的特色，提高了學(xué)生的審美意識，豐富了學(xué)生的文化內(nèi)容、陶冶了學(xué)生的情操、激發(fā)了學(xué)生心靈的美感、拓展了學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性智慧。由此可以看出：美術(shù)欣賞就是美育，也是美術(shù)教育的重要課題。</p><p> 　　其二，通過美術(shù)作品的欣賞，使中小學(xué)生對美術(shù)產(chǎn)生了興趣和愛好，對培養(yǎng)美術(shù)專業(yè)人才奠定基礎(chǔ)，為中小學(xué)生繪畫和手工制作提供經(jīng)驗。在教師的指導(dǎo)下，學(xué)生可以借鑒這些經(jīng)驗來進行美術(shù)實踐活動。</p><p> 　　其三，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育還培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的心靈美、品德美、情操美。很多美術(shù)作品來自于大自然，學(xué)生通過觀賞美術(shù)作品，增強了學(xué)生熱愛大自然的美好心靈，讓他們體會到：美，無處不在、無處不生。大自然是美的，生活是美的，人生也是美的，從而對自己的前途充滿信心。</p><p> 　　總之，中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育是《九年制義務(wù)教育》的必修課。對提高學(xué)生的審美能力、陶冶學(xué)生的高尚情操、培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展的社會主義建設(shè)者和接班人起到不可代替的作用。</p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: center;">　　</span><span style="text-align: center; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong>點擊下頁還有更多>>>中小學(xué)美術(shù)教育淺談?wù)撐?/strong></span><span style="text-align: center;"> </div> 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