2019中考英語(yǔ)如何寫(xiě)好作文?書(shū)面表達(dá)的方法技巧
中考英語(yǔ)中的書(shū)面表達(dá)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的一大難點(diǎn),如何寫(xiě)好作文成了眾考生的典型問(wèn)題之一。 今天小編在這分享一些關(guān)于中考英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達(dá)的方法技巧給大家,歡迎大家閱讀!
書(shū)面表達(dá)方法
書(shū)面表達(dá)既考查考生對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用,又考查考生審題和組織語(yǔ)言的能力。書(shū)面表達(dá)題的內(nèi)容一般和初中生的日常學(xué)習(xí)和生活關(guān)系密切,像家庭、學(xué)校、課堂、游戲、購(gòu)物、旅游、問(wèn)路、看病、助人為樂(lè)、社會(huì)現(xiàn)象及社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題等都可以成為中考寫(xiě)作的主題。常見(jiàn)的題型有看圖寫(xiě)話,根據(jù)中英文提示、圖表要點(diǎn)、關(guān)鍵詞寫(xiě)出結(jié)構(gòu)完整、語(yǔ)言通順、全文連貫的英語(yǔ)小短文,詞數(shù)一般在90個(gè)詞左右。書(shū)面表達(dá)要想得高分,應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
(1)認(rèn)真審題,確定類(lèi)型??吹筋}目不要急于動(dòng)筆,要認(rèn)真讀題,明確要求,確定文章的格式、內(nèi)容、大體結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài),人稱等,做到不走題。
(2)圍繞中心,列好提綱。提綱也就是要點(diǎn),考生可以列出一些詞組、短語(yǔ)或句型。要仔細(xì)觀察,把提示中給出的要點(diǎn)逐條列出,以防遺漏。
(3)擴(kuò)詞成句,連句成篇,書(shū)寫(xiě)工整規(guī)范,保持卷面整潔。寫(xiě)作時(shí)注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及詞性的變化,文章語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)潔明了,可以多使用簡(jiǎn)單句,能力強(qiáng)的考生可以適當(dāng)使用連詞、過(guò)渡語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)、主從復(fù)合句等使文章內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)更加豐富多彩。如果遇到難以表達(dá)的句子,可采用變通方式,化難為簡(jiǎn)。另外詞數(shù)方面要達(dá)到要求,不能過(guò)少也不要過(guò)多。
(4)審查修改。寫(xiě)好之后再認(rèn)真檢查,確保緊扣主題、語(yǔ)法正確,符合英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣,也要注意字母大小寫(xiě),標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等細(xì)節(jié)。
人物介紹類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)秘招
秘招一 :“五步驟”
1. 概況 age, gender, birth-place
2. 外貌/性格 appearance, character
3. 教育 education
4. 生平 big events in his or her life (in order of time)
5. 評(píng)估 evaluation
秘招二 :干貨必背
1. 高級(jí)詞匯
基本信息
(1)be born in
(2)spend one’s childhood in...
(3) at the age of
(4)the son of
(5)live a happy(hard) life
(6)graduate from
(7)major in
(8)get higher education
性格品質(zhì)
(9)charming
(10)determined
(11)easy-going
(12) energetic
(13)warm-hearted
愛(ài)好與特長(zhǎng)
(14)have a gift for
(15)be interested in/ be fond of
(16) devote one’s lifetime to
(17)make up one’s mind to
(18)be strict in
(19)have a ... way of
(20)win the prize in
(21)be good at/ do well in
(22)be crazy about
評(píng)估
(23)one of the best/most important
(24)set a good example for
(25)speak/think highly of
(26)the pride of
2. 好句積累
基本信息
(1)I’m a student from ... Middle School, studying in Class 1, Grade Nine.
(2)My name is ..., a middle school student aged...
(3)He/She has long/black...(修飾詞)+hair.
(4) He/She is an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 60 students.
性格品質(zhì)
(5)He/She is outgoing so that he/she always can get along well with others.
(6)He/She is very patient to explain the questions again and again.
(7)She is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class. Besides, she often devotes her spare time to helping others.
愛(ài)好與特長(zhǎng)
(8)He/She likes/loves/prefers/is interested in/is good at playing basketball...
(9)I also like travelling, doing sports and keeping pets. We can share anything that we have in common.
(10)One of his hobbies is watching movies and he thinks movies are interesting and he can always learn something from one movie especially those classic ones.
(11) He/She is good at English, especially spoken English.
(12) We used to spend much time... together. Besides, we shared not only happiness but also sadness.
評(píng)估
(13)What I admire most about her is...
(14)Thank you very much for everything you’ve done for me.
(15)I have never expressed my thanks and respect to you.
(16)Thanks to her, I have made much progress in...
(17)A true friend plays an important part in our life and we should cherish him/her.
注意事項(xiàng)
1. 避免時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤:介紹人物的現(xiàn)狀用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),過(guò)去的事情用一般過(guò)去時(shí),未來(lái)的情況用一般將來(lái)時(shí);
2. 避免人稱錯(cuò)誤:自我介紹時(shí)應(yīng)使用第一人稱,他人介紹時(shí)可用she, he或者they等;
3. 避免句式單一:避免每個(gè)句子以I開(kāi)頭,或者同樣的主語(yǔ)。句子間或段落間應(yīng)注意使用相應(yīng)的連接。
敘事類(lèi)書(shū)面表達(dá)有秘招
第一招:六要素+feeling
敘事類(lèi)作文少不了5個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”:when(時(shí)間)、where(地點(diǎn))、who(人物)、why(原因)、what(經(jīng)過(guò))、how(結(jié)果),通常采取三段式結(jié)構(gòu),做到有條有理。具體注意如下:
why(原因):通常第一段點(diǎn)出原因和寫(xiě)作的主題,起著“點(diǎn)睛”的作用,同時(shí)有著“啟下”的效果。
what(經(jīng)過(guò)):是第二段主體內(nèi)容,會(huì)綜合用到六要素,所以關(guān)鍵是講述清楚事情經(jīng)過(guò)。
when(時(shí)間):記敘文講述的大多是過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的活動(dòng)或事件,因此以過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)為主。
where(地點(diǎn)):即經(jīng)歷發(fā)生的場(chǎng)所,多為學(xué)?;蛟诩遥鏰t school, at home等。
who(人物):此類(lèi)作文通常從自身角度出發(fā)講述經(jīng)歷,所以人稱以第一人稱為主,第三人稱為輔。但注意無(wú)論采用哪個(gè)人稱,句式盡量多變,切記不要通篇文章都以人稱代詞開(kāi)頭,否則文章顯得單調(diào)沉悶。
how(結(jié)果):即描述經(jīng)歷的最終結(jié)果,總的來(lái)說(shuō),分好的和不好的結(jié)果。
feel(感受):是最后一段的概括內(nèi)容,總結(jié)自己的感受和收獲。
第二招:銜接詞
盡量多使用表示轉(zhuǎn)折、順接、因果和時(shí)間的連接詞,這樣既可以顯示語(yǔ)言功底,又增強(qiáng)了記敘內(nèi)容的連貫性和生動(dòng)性。積累如下:
表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的:However,Although+從句(不與but連用)
表順接關(guān)系的:What’s more(甚至)/What’s worse(更糟的是), not only...but also...不僅……而且……,on the one hand...on the other hand一方面……另一方面……,at the same time同時(shí)
表因果關(guān)系的:Because(不與so連用),As(由于、因?yàn)?,So/Therefore(因此),As a result(結(jié)果),thanks to(多虧了),because of/as a result of(由于),without(要是沒(méi)有),with the help of(在……的幫助下)
表時(shí)間關(guān)系的:as soon as(一……就……),at first(首先),then(然后),in the end(最后),finally(最終)
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