初中英語知識歸納
初中三年我們要學習的英語知識是非常多的,其中的重點知識是需要我們特備注意的。下面是小編為大家整理的關于初中英語知識歸納,希望對您有所幫助。歡迎大家閱讀參考學習!
初中英語知識歸納
一、引導詞
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇引導詞that,that引導賓語從句無意義,不充當句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that)they would help us through the whole work.
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導詞if或whether,表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 結構中不能用 if 替換。例句:I don't know if there will be a bus any more.
3. 從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代詞、副詞作引導詞。例句:He didn't tell me when we should meet again.
二、判斷時態(tài)情況:
1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,從句可以為各種時態(tài)。
2.主句是一般過去時,從句要用相應過去時態(tài)。
注意:從句描繪客觀事實、真理、自然現(xiàn)象等,從句時態(tài)不受主句時態(tài)限制,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
三、賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序
陳述句語序,就是主語在前,謂語動詞在后。
錯誤:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正確:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:賓語從句的否定轉移
主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致。例如:I don't think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won't come to my party.
初中英語必備知識
動詞
(1) 動詞的時態(tài):
① 一般現(xiàn)在時
一般現(xiàn)在時的主要用法有兩點:其一表示一經常發(fā)生的動作,如: I always go to scho
ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理,事實,如: The earth moves around the sun.
?、?現(xiàn)在完成時
現(xiàn)在完成時的主要用法有兩點:其一表示某一動作發(fā)生于過去,并持續(xù)下來,到現(xiàn)在完成。如: I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某動作發(fā)生于過去并已結束,但其影響到現(xiàn)在。如: I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now. 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的詞語有:yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。 其考查要點:
其一: Have been表示曾經去過,如:I have been to America twice. 說此話的人應已經回到國內。而He has gone to Japan.則此人目前已到日本去了。
其二:截止性動詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時,但不可與表示一段長度的詞連用,如: The clas
s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.
?、?一般過去時
表示過去發(fā)生的動作,過去的習慣或反復發(fā)生的動作。如: Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 與過去時連用的時間狀語有: at that time, ago, in 1949, just now (剛才), last night, yesterday
?、?一般將來時
純將來時的表示法: shall/will+動詞原形
例: I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.
表示按計劃要做或可能做的事: be going to+動詞原形
例: I’m going to help you tonight.
將來時的特殊表示法
a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving
例: Don’t worry. I’m coming.
b. be about to+動詞原形
例: He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.
c. 狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來
例: If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.
初中英語知識
句型
(1) 賓語從句:
由疑問代詞或副詞引出的賓語從句
例: Could you tell me where the post office is?
Could you tell me what he said? (what作said的賓語)
由that引出的賓語從句
例: They said that they would give me some help. (that 僅作引導詞) 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。
例: He asked when we would leave home.
(2) 狀語從句:
狀語從句可包括:時間/地點/原因/結果/目的等狀語從句。
例:I will come when I am free.
I’m late because my bike is broken.
He went so early that he got a good seat.
She studied hard so that she would pass the exam.
狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
例: If it rains tomorrow I shall not go to the cinema.
表示在一長動作進行過程中某一動作突然發(fā)生則長動作要用進行時態(tài),而突發(fā)性動作要用一般時態(tài)。
例: When I’m reading a book, the telephone rings.
(3) 反意疑問句
例: She can swim across the river, can’t she?
It’s a fine day, isn’t it?
(4) 感嘆句:
例. What a hot day it is!
How hot the weather is!
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