高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱2020
勤奮靠的是毅力，是永恒。文學(xué)家說，勤奮是打開文學(xué)殿堂之門的一把鑰匙;科學(xué)家說，勤奮能使人聰明;而政治家說，勤奮是實(shí)現(xiàn)理想的基石;下面給大家分享一些關(guān)于高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱，希望對大家有所幫助。
高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱1
重要詞匯拓展
1 welfare n 福利事業(yè)，福利
2 achievement n.成就，功績→achievev.達(dá)到，完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)
3. specialist n.專家，專業(yè)工作者→specialadj.特殊的，專門的→specialize vi.專攻，專門從事
4. project n.方案, 計(jì)劃,,設(shè)計(jì)，工程, 企業(yè), 事業(yè)，科研項(xiàng)目;課外自修項(xiàng)目
vi. ①伸出, 突出②設(shè)想自已處身于(into)
5. connection n.連接，關(guān)系→connectv.連接
6. condition n. 狀況(不可數(shù))，條件(可數(shù))，環(huán)境(復(fù)數(shù))on no condition 決不
7.organization n.組織，機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體organize—vt.組織;籌備,成立; 使加入工會(huì)，使有條理
8.behave v.舉止，表現(xiàn)→behaviorn.行為，舉止
9. shade n.陰涼處v.遮住光線
10.▲worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to dosth.
worth adj.值……，值得…… be worth doing
worthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的 be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done
11. observe v.觀察，觀測，遵守→observationn.觀察，觀測
12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意→respectableadj.值得尊敬的，正派的，體面地→respectful adj.有禮貌的，恭敬的
13. argue .v.爭論，辯論→argumentn.爭論，辯論 argued-adj 引起爭論的
14.entertainment-n 款待，娛樂entertain-v 款待;招待，娛樂，抱有，懷著(想法、疑問)
15. crowd n.人群，觀眾v.擠滿，使擁擠→crowded adj.擁擠的
16. inspire v.鼓舞，激發(fā)→inspiredadj.受到鼓舞的，有靈感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspirationn.鼓舞，靈感
17 support v.支持，擁護(hù)→supportern.支持者，擁護(hù)者
18.refer-vi 談到，查閱，參考
19.intend v.計(jì)劃，打算→intentionn.打算，目的，意圖
20.considerate adj.考慮周到的→considerv.考慮，認(rèn)為
→consideration n考慮，體諒→consideringprep考慮到
21.kind adj 仁慈的，和善的，友愛的kindness –n 仁慈，好意，善良
22.deliver v.遞送，生(小孩)，接生，發(fā)表(演講等)→deliveryn.投遞，交貨，分娩
23.modest adj 謙虛的，謙讓的，適度的
高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱2
重點(diǎn)短語梳理
1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉獻(xiàn)給devoteoneself to致力于，獻(xiàn)身于 be devoted to專心致志于
2 human beings 人類
3 move off 離開，啟程，出發(fā)
4 lead a…life 過著……的生活
5 crowd in 涌上心頭，涌入腦海
6 look down on/ upon 蔑視，瞧不起
7 refer to 查閱，參考，談到 (其中，to為介詞)
8 by chance 碰巧，湊巧
9. come across 偶遇，碰見
10. carry on 繼續(xù)，堅(jiān)持 carry out 實(shí)行，執(zhí)行，完成
11. be dressed in 穿著…dress as 打扮成…
12.fight for 為….而戰(zhàn) fight against 與…戰(zhàn)斗
13.put to death判死刑
14. concern oneself with…關(guān)注… 注意…
15.intend to do sth./ doing sth. 打算做某事
16. in the shade of 在…的樹蔭下，在…的庇護(hù)下
17.gain doctor’s degree 獲得博士學(xué)位
18. be considered as 被看做….
19.take turns to do sth 采取步驟做某事
20.do research on… 做…方面的研究
21.mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味著
22. by now 直到現(xiàn)在
高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱3
重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn)
1 She spent years observing andrecording their daily activities.
她花去多年的時(shí)間觀察和記錄它們的日?；顒?dòng)。
(spend+時(shí)間/金錢+doingsth 花時(shí)間或金錢去做某事)
2 Only after her mother came to help her forthe first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母親頭幾個(gè)月來幫過她的忙;這才使她得以開始自己的計(jì)劃。
(only位于句首并修飾狀語，句子要發(fā)生部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞或聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞置于主語之前)
3 Following Jane’s way of studing chimps,our group are all going to visit them in the forest.
我們一行人將按照J(rèn)ane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜訪他們。
(-ing作方式狀語。注意非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別：-ing主動(dòng)/進(jìn)行/延續(xù)，-ed被動(dòng)/過去，to do主動(dòng)/將來)
4.It seemed that she had been verybusy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writingbooks and articles 看起來她忙于所選擇的和寫作一樣的到國外研究。
(Itseemed that+從句：似乎是，看起來好像是。 as well as還有)
5.What made her succeed later on wasthe kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients
后來使她成功的是她對所有病人獻(xiàn)出的愛心和體貼。
(Whatmade her succeed主語從句。了解what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句的譯法，明白它們在句中的成分：作主語、賓語、表語、同位語)
高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱4
語法剖析(主謂一致)
主謂一致，指人稱和數(shù)方面的一致關(guān)系。分為:語法一致, 內(nèi)容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 語法一致原則: 即主語為單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù),主語為復(fù)數(shù),謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)。以下為注意事項(xiàng):
1. 單數(shù)主語即使后面帶有with , along with, together with, like(象),but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than,rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引導(dǎo)的短語, 謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。如: Air as well as water is matter. 空氣和水都是物質(zhì)。No one except two servants was late for thedinner. 除了兩個(gè)仆人外, 沒有一個(gè)人遲來用餐。
2. 用and連接的并列主語,如果主語是同一個(gè)人,同一事,同一概念, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù), 否則用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
The poet and writer has come.那位詩人兼作家來了.(一個(gè)人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools.錘子和鋸都是有用的工具. (兩樣物)
用and連接的成對名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體, 如:bread and butter(黃油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
3. 不定式(短語), 動(dòng)名詞(短語), 或從句作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
為人民服務(wù)是我最大的幸福.
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我們什么時(shí)候出去郊游已決定了。
4. 用連接的并列主語被each, every 或no修飾時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩都喜歡去游泳.
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 沒有老師也沒有學(xué)生開會(huì)缺席.
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每個(gè)男人和每個(gè)女人都被請去幫忙。
5. each of + 復(fù)數(shù)代詞, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如:
Each of us has something to say. 我們每個(gè)人都有話要說。
6. 若主語中有more than one 或manya/an , 盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù), 但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。但more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one做主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞仍用復(fù)數(shù). 如:
Many a boy likes playing basketball.許多男生都喜歡打籃球.
More than one student was late.不只一個(gè)學(xué)生遲到
More persons than one come to help us. 不止一個(gè)人來幫助我們。
7. none 做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù), 也可用復(fù)數(shù); 但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù),因而謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù). 如:
None of us are (is) perfect.人無完人。
None of this worries me.這事一點(diǎn)不使我著急。
8. 名詞如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù). 如:
His clothes are good. 但這些名詞前若出現(xiàn) a pair of , 謂語一般用單數(shù).如:
A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼鏡。
9. 形復(fù)意單名詞如:news ; 以ics 結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如: physics, mathematics, economics; 國名如:the United States; 報(bào)紙名如: the New Times; 書名如:Arabian Night <天方夜談>; 以及The United Nations<聯(lián)合國>等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
10. “a +名詞+and a half “, “one and a half + 名詞”,“the number of + 名詞” 等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù). 如:
Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
注意: one or two + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式, 如:
One or two places have been visited. 參觀了一兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)。
(二) 內(nèi)容一致原則:
1.主語中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”做主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于連用的名詞.如:
The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行車，今天出售。
60%of the apple was eaten by little boy.這個(gè)蘋果的60%都被這個(gè)小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的蘋果都是爛的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 這個(gè)蘋果的大部分被老鼠吃了。
2. 不定數(shù)量的詞組, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , anumber of , plenty of等作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于量詞后面名詞的數(shù).如:
A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科書已運(yùn)到。
A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 這個(gè)蘋果的一部分被豬吃光了。
3. 加減乘除用單數(shù).如:
Fifteen minus five is ten . 15減去5等于10。
4. 表示時(shí)間, 金錢, 距離, 度量等的名詞做主語時(shí), 盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式, 它們做為一個(gè)單一的概念時(shí), 其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如:
Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一個(gè)相當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x。
5. (1) 通常作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞. 包括police , people, cattle 等,這些集體名詞通常用作復(fù)數(shù).如:
The British police have only very limitedpowers.
(2) 通常作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.
(3) 可作單數(shù)也可作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞. 包括 audience, committee, government, family,enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委員會(huì)決定解雇他。
6. the +形容詞/過去分詞形式”表示一類人或事物, 作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).如:
The injured were saved after the fire.
(三) 就近原則
1. 由here, there, where 等引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中,(有時(shí)主語不止一個(gè)時(shí))謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致.如:
Here comes the bus 公共汽車來了.
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 給你一支鋼筆和幾張紙。
Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?
你不在這兒的時(shí)候, 你愛人和孩子在哪兒呆呢?
2. 用連詞or, either.... or, neither….nor, notonly….but also 等連接的并列主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語在數(shù)上一致。如：
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 學(xué)生和老師都不知道這事.
He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的鋼筆。注意: one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中, 定語從句的動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)。如：
Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 瑪麗是飼養(yǎng)寵物者之一。
The only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ who/that./which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，定語從句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。
Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 瑪麗是唯一一個(gè)飼養(yǎng)寵物的人。
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高中英語必修四復(fù)習(xí)提綱2020
