高三英語語法知識點歸納
學(xué)習(xí)任何一門科目都離不開對知識點的總結(jié)，尤其是同學(xué)們在學(xué)習(xí)英語時，更要總結(jié)各個語法知識點，這樣也方便同學(xué)們?nèi)蘸蟮膹?fù)習(xí)。下面是小編給大家整理的高三英語語法知識點，希望能幫助到大家!
高三英語語法知識點
情態(tài)動詞
一. 表示許可：有may, might, can, could。其中might. could則語氣較委婉，但回答由他們引起的問句時，則不用might, could而用can。
1) May \ Might \ Can \ Could I keep the book for a few days? Yes, you can.
否定形式可用may not, can not或must not，不用might not。
2)Visitors may not (或can not/mustn't) touch the button.
二、表示能力：can; be able to. be able to用于各種時態(tài)。在一般過去時中，若指“能夠并且通過某種努力完成某樁事”，我們必須用be able to。
1) Cats can\ are able to climb trees very quickly.
2) A big fire broke out last night, but everyone was able to escape from the house.
三、表示“責(zé)任和義務(wù)”的情態(tài)動詞有must(主觀),have to(客觀), mustn’t 表示“不可以、不允許”，而have to否定形式：not have to/ needn't。
1) As there was no bus, we had to walk back home. (客觀條件)
2) You mustn't shout like that to your parents. (不可以、不允許)
3) You don't have to\ needn’t work if you don't feel well.
四、用于推測：must, may, might, can, could . 但疑問句中只能用can, could.
1) He looks pale. He__________ be ill.
2) ---Who _____it be? It _____(not) be Mr. Smith, for he has just left for Paris.
---It ________be Mr. Brown, for he has something to discuss with me.
3) He said he didn't feel very well. He _____(not) come to the meeting this evening.
(1.must 2. can, can’t, must 3. may\might not)
▲注意: 表推測時 must, should (ought to) , may, could , might 可能性依次遞減。should, ought to “應(yīng)該…”較多地用于預(yù)測將來的事。can表示理論上的可能性，用于泛指.may, could, might表示事實上的可能性，用于特指具體的，可能將要發(fā)生的事。
1) He should be back by now. 他現(xiàn)在該回來了。
2) The teacher has explained it several times. There ought to be no problem for them.
4) A dog can be dangerous to you 狗可能給人帶來危險。(有這種可能性)
This dog is very clever. It may (或might/could) help you find your key.
這條狗非常聰明，他可能會幫助你找到鑰匙。指具體的事有可能發(fā)生。
高三英語語法知識點
一、非謂語動詞
“非謂語動詞”可分為動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞.它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作謂語外,它可以充當主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語與復(fù)合賓語(主語補語或賓語補語).有些及物動詞后面接不帶to的不定式作復(fù)合賓語.這些動詞歸納如下：一感(feel).二聽(hear,listen to),三讓(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe).再加上help somebody(to)do something和美國英語look at somebody do somthing.還有“二讓”屬特殊：get somebody to do something 與keep somebody doing.而有些及物動詞后面接動名詞(the -ing form)作賓語.這些動詞歸納為一句話：Papa C makes friends.這是由如下動詞的開頭字母組成：permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 為了容易記住,也可以編成順口溜：“允許完成練習(xí),建議避免冒險,考慮延期逃跑,喜歡保持想象,需要反對忍受”.其相對應(yīng)的動詞依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand.
二、復(fù)合句
1、學(xué)生最容易混淆的是定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別.
例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位語從句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定語從句)
關(guān)鍵的區(qū)別在于連接或關(guān)系代詞that：有意義的是定語, 無意義的是同位.因為引導(dǎo)定語從句的that在從句中作主語或 賓語,而引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that只起到連接詞的作用.
2、接著容易混淆的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞that與 which：that之前是不定(代詞)、序數(shù)(詞)、(形容詞)級：which之前是介詞短語與逗號(非限制性).
例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
高三英語語法知識點
…before…特殊用法(1)"沒來得及……就……"
[例句]
The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
他還沒有來得及沖進房間救孩子，房頂就塌了。
He ran off before I could stop him. 我還沒有來得及阻止，他已經(jīng)跑了。
To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her.
讓我非常失望的是，我還沒有來得及和我最喜歡的歌手打招呼，她就已經(jīng)離開了。
…before…特殊用法(2)"過了多久才……"或"動作進行到什么程度才……"
[例句]
They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.
他們西行50英里才看到一個村莊。
The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.
工人們連續(xù)工作3天才使一切恢復(fù)正常。
He almost knocked me down before he knew it.
他幾乎撞到我了才意識到。
We had walked a long way before we found some water.
我們走了很長的路才找到一點水。
Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不覺，五年過去了。
高三英語語法知識點
什么是副詞?
指出句中的副詞：
1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修飾副詞“farther”表示程度 farther修飾動詞“move”表示方式
2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修飾動詞goes，表示頻度、頻率
3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修飾整個句子
4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修飾形容詞，表示程度修飾形容詞hot，修飾形容詞
高三英語語法知識點
非謂語動詞中的易錯點
非謂語與其邏輯主語(即動作的執(zhí)行者或承受者)之間有三種關(guān)系，如為主謂關(guān)系，則用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式的主動式;如為被動關(guān)系則用過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(強調(diào)動作正在進行)或不定式的被動式(動作將進行);如既無主動也無被動關(guān)系則只能用狀語從句或獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(即非謂語加上自己的邏輯主語)
Judging/considering/genrally?speaking/supposing?指說話者的動作，故只用主動式。如：?
Having?been?ill?in?bed?for?nearly?a?month?,?he?had?a?hard?time?passing?the?exam.?
解析：從這個句子可以看出，句詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語he一致，并且是主謂關(guān)系，所以用了現(xiàn)在的分詞作狀語，同時，分詞的動作明顯地發(fā)生在句子的謂語動詞動作之前，故采用了現(xiàn)代分詞的完成式。
In?order?to?improve?English?,?________.?
A.?Jenny’s?father?bought?her?a?lot?of?tapes.?
B.?Jenny’s?father?bought?a?lot?of?tapes?for?herself.?
C.?A?lot?of?tapes?were?bought?by?Jenny.?
D.?A?lot?of?tapes?were?bought?by?Jenny?father.?
解析：根據(jù)不定式短語我們可以推知，句子的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是人而不是物，所以，應(yīng)該排除CD，再就是應(yīng)該是Jenny提高自己的英語，而不是她爸爸，故答案先B.?
———，we?decided?to?go?out?for?a?walk.?
A.?It?is?fine?B.?It?fine?
C.?Being?fine?D.It?being?fine?
解析：主句主語we與動詞短語be?fine之間既無主動關(guān)系與無被動關(guān)系，所以要加上自己的邏輯主語It，由于不存在主、被動關(guān)系，故不能選C項，而應(yīng)該選D?項。?
————more?attention,?the?trees?could?have?grown?better.?A.?Given?B.To?give?C.Giving?D.?Having?giving?
解析：give與主句的主語之間是被動關(guān)系，故選A.如為主動關(guān)系則選C.?
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