16種英語時態(tài)總結歸納(4)
16種英語時態(tài)總結歸納
例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回來的時候,他的身體已經好多了。)
10. 將來進行時(will be doing)
用法:強調在將來的某個具體時間正在發(fā)生的動作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(別擔心,你不會認不出她的。她到時會穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。)
注意事項:由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和進行時融合在一起的,所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項,可參考"一般將來時"和"現在進行時"的有關注意事項。
11. 將來完成時(will have done)
用法:表示從將來的某一時間開始、延續(xù)到另一個將來時間的動作或狀態(tài),或是發(fā)生在某個將來時間,但對其后的另一個將來時間有影響的動作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現在完成時平移到時間軸的將來時時段一樣。其用法從和過去及現在有關,變成了和將來及將來的將來有關。
例:1997年1月四級第22題
The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.
A) must have lasted B) will have lasted
C) would last D) has lasted
本題考核謂語動詞的時態(tài)。全句的意思是:“會議從開始到結束將持續(xù)整整一個星期。”句中by the time it ends表示動作要延續(xù)到將來某一時刻,因此要用將來完成時。答案是B) will have lasted。如果選A),因為情態(tài)動詞must后面接動詞不定式的完成時形式表示對已經發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定推測,而本句的時間狀語是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended,所以犯了時態(tài)不呼應的錯誤。Would雖可以表示推測或可能性,但would last不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時刻的動作,所以C) would last錯誤。因為D) has lasted是現在完成時,表示到現在為止已經完成的動作,不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時刻的動作,所以也不正確。
注意事項:由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和完成時融合在一起的,所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項,可以參考“一般將來時”和“現在完成時”的有關注意事項。
12)將來完成進行時:shall have been doing ,will have been doing
例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. (到下個月底為止,這項工程就已經不停地進行了3年了。)(被動語態(tài))
13)過去完成進行時:had been doing
例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.(我回到家之前,我10歲大的兒子已經把這個舊鐘表拆卸并重新組裝了好幾回了。)(此處強調“拆卸”和“組裝”這兩個過去的過去的動作一直在反復進行。)(被動語態(tài))
14) 過去將來進行時:should be doing , would be doing
例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.(政府承諾說第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。)(此句的時間狀語是具體的將來時間,所以最好用將來進行時。)(此句為被動語態(tài))
15) 過去將來完成時:should have done , would have done
例:I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.(我堅信到那年年底為止,那個軟件的新版本將被開發(fā)出來。但是我錯了。)(此句為被動語態(tài))
16) 過去將來完成進行時:should have been doing , would have been doing
例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years. (他們說到第二個月底為止,這項工程就已經不停地進行了3年了。)