中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全
掌握中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，中考英語(yǔ)成績(jī)是比較理想的。小編在此獻(xiàn)上英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法使用技巧，希望對(duì)你有所幫助。
全部倒裝
(1)there be 句型
There is going to be a meeting.
There is a book on the table.
(2)here, there, now, then, in, out等副詞置于句首時(shí)，主謂倒裝，但如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)序不倒裝，如，Here comes the bus.
Here he comes.
(3)直接引語(yǔ)的部分或全部位于句首時(shí)，有時(shí)也用倒裝，如，
"What he said meant nothing", said the teacher.
(4)為保持句子平衡，強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，使上下文緊密銜接時(shí)須完全倒裝，如，In front of the house sat a small boy.
部分倒裝
(1)so, neither, nor置于句首說(shuō)明與前者情況一致時(shí)，如，
I like swimming, so does my brother.
(2)only +狀語(yǔ)放在句首，如，Only through this method can we win.
Only in this way can we do the work well.
(3)含有否定意義的詞置于句首，如，Hardly, scarcely, not, seldom, no sooner, never, little, at no time, in no way, no more等，如，Never had I heard that.
Little did I know about this.
(4)以often, so +形容詞或副詞開(kāi)頭的句子，如，
So heavy is the box that he cannot carry it.
(5)用于省略if的虛擬條件句中，將had, were, should提前，如：
Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
Had he come, we would have won.
(6)用于某些表示祝愿的句中，如，
May you be happy for ever.
II.例題
例1、Not only ____ this machine but ____ it.
A. can he run……can he repair B. can he run……he can repair
C. he can run……he can repair D. he can run……can he repair
解析：該題答案為B，在not only……but (also)句型中，只有but前面的部分倒裝，but后面仍是正常語(yǔ)序。
例2、____, it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with laser(激光).
A. Hard although the diamond B. Hard as the diamond is
C. As the diamond is hard D. Has hard is the diamond
解析：該題答案為B，在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，從屬連詞as可以表示though，但要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。
例3、Only in this way ____ to improve the situation there.
A. can you hope B. you can hope C. hope can D. you hope
解析：該題答案為A， only和它所修飾的狀語(yǔ)一起置于句首時(shí)，須用倒裝。
主謂一致
I. 要點(diǎn)
謂語(yǔ)受主語(yǔ)支配，須和主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致，這叫做主謂一致，主謂一致包括語(yǔ)法一致、意義上一致和就近一致。
1、語(yǔ)法上一致
(1)、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，如，
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)、用and或both……and連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如，
Both he and I are right.
但并列主語(yǔ)如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如, His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
(3)、主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí)，盡管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)，如，
The teacher as well as his students is excited.
(4)、某些不定代詞，如做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如:Everyone has a book.
(5)、一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如people, cattle, clothes等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，如，A lot of people are dancing outside.
2、意義上一致
(1)、表時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)，如，
Twenty years is not a long time.
(2)、表示總稱(chēng)意義的名詞public, police, cattle, clothes等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，如，
People are talking about the accident.
(3)、有些集合名詞，如family, team等作主語(yǔ)，如作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如指其中每個(gè)成員，則用復(fù)數(shù)，如，
My family is a big one.
My family are watching TV.
3、鄰近一致
用連詞or, either……or, neither……nor, whether……or, not only…but also,等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果一個(gè)是單數(shù)，一個(gè)是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按就近一致原則，與最靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致，如，
Either you or I am mad.
II.例題
例1、 The chemical works _______ where my father has worked for thirty years in 1949.
A. was built B. were built C. is built D. are built
解析：該題答案為A。works形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，意思上是單數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，類(lèi)似的還有news, maths, politics, physics.
例2、They each _______ a copy of the new physics.
A. have B. has C. having D. gets
解析：該題答案為A。They each不等于each of …, each of 這個(gè)詞組作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)如each of the students hands in their homework，而they each作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)要隨each前面的詞來(lái)變化。
相關(guān)文章：