頤和園的英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)介_(kāi)介紹帶翻譯
頤和園的英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)介_(kāi)介紹帶翻譯
頤和園，北京市古代皇家園林，是保存最完整的一座皇家行宮御苑，被譽(yù)為“皇家園林博物館”，今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編在這里為大家分享頤和園的英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)介，歡迎大家閱讀！
頤和園的英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)介：The Summer Palace in Brief
The Summer Palace, dominated mainly by Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake, covers an area of 2.9 square kilometers, three quarters of which is under water. Its 70,000 square meters of building space features a variety of palaces, gardens and other ancient-style architectural structures. Well known for its large and priceless collection of cultural relics, it was among the first group of historical and cultural heritage sites in China to be placed under special state protection.
The Summer Palace, originally named Qingyi Yuan or the Garden of Clear Ripples, was first constructed in 1750. It was razed to the ground by the Anglo-French Allied Forces in 1860. The Government of the Qing Dynasty started to rebuild it in 1886 with funds that it had misappropriated from the Imperial Navy and other sources. Renamed two years later as Yihe Yuan or the Garden of Health and Harmony, it was supposed to serve as a summer resort for the Empress Dowager Cixi. Known also as the Summer Palace, it was ravaged by the Allied Forces of the Eight Powers that invaded China in 1900. The damage was repaired in 1902. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Summer Palace has undergone several major renovations. Its major attractions such as the Four Great Regions, Suzhou Street, the Pavilion of Bright Scenery, the Hall of Serenity, the Wenchang Galleries and the Plowing and Weaving Scenery Area have been successively restored.
The Summer Palace is a monument to classical Chinese architecture, in terms of both garden design and construction. Borrowing scenes from surrounding landscapes, it radiates not only the grandeur of an imperial garden but also the beauty of nature in a seamless combination that best illustrates the guiding principle of traditional Chinese garden design: “The works of men should match the works of Heaven”. In December 1998, UNESCO included the Summer Palace on its World Heritage List with the following comments: 1) The Summer Palace in Beijing is an outstanding expression of the creative art of Chinese landscape garden design, incorporating the works of humankind and nature in a harmonious whole; 2) The Summer Palace epitomizes the philosophy and practice of Chinese garden design, which played a key role in the development of this cultural form throughout the east; 3) The imperial Chinese garden, illustrated by the Summer Palace, is a potent symbol of one of the major world civilizations.
頤和園主景區(qū)由萬(wàn)壽山、昆明湖組成，全園占地2.9平方公里，水面約占四分之三。園內(nèi)現(xiàn)存各式宮殿、園林古建7萬(wàn)平方米，并以珍貴的文物藏品聞名于世，是第一批全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。
頤和園前身為清漪園，始建于清朝乾隆十五年(1750)，咸豐十年(1860)被英法聯(lián)軍燒毀。光緒十二年(1886)，清廷挪用海軍經(jīng)費(fèi)等款項(xiàng)開(kāi)始重建，并于兩年后取用今名，作為慈禧太后的頤養(yǎng)之所。一九零零年又遭八國(guó)聯(lián)軍破壞，一九零二年修復(fù)。中華人民共和國(guó)成立后，幾經(jīng)修繕，頤和園陸續(xù)復(fù)建了四大部洲、蘇州街、景明樓、澹寧堂、文昌院、耕織圖等重要景區(qū)。
頤和園集傳統(tǒng)造園藝術(shù)之大成，借景周圍的山水環(huán)境，既有皇家園林恢弘富麗的氣勢(shì)，又充滿了自然之趣，高度體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)園林“雖由人作，宛自天開(kāi)”的造園準(zhǔn)則。一九九八年十二月，頤和園被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》，并予以如下評(píng)價(jià)：1)北京的頤和園是對(duì)中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林造園藝術(shù)的一種杰出的展現(xiàn)，將人造景觀與大自然和諧地融為一體;2)頤和園是中國(guó)的造園思想和實(shí)踐的集中體現(xiàn)，而這種思想和實(shí)踐對(duì)整個(gè)東方園林藝術(shù)文化形式的發(fā)展起了關(guān)鍵性的作用;3)以頤和園為代表的中國(guó)皇家園林是世界幾大文明之一的有力象征。
頤和園的英語(yǔ)閱讀：頤和園自然概況
Natural Features
自然概況
The Summer Palace is located on the western edge of Beijing， between the fourth and fifth ring roads，close to the western hills，10km from central Beijing一It is the largest and best-preserved imperial garden in China. Its Chinese name，Yi He Yuan，translates as‘Garden for Maintaining Health and Harmony’. 頤和園位于北京西郊，在四環(huán)和五環(huán)之問(wèn)，緊挨西山，趾北京市中心12公里〕頤和園是中國(guó)最大的空家園林。其漢語(yǔ)意思為“頤養(yǎng)和諧之園” As its name implies，the Summer Palace was used as a summer residence by China's imperial rulers--as a retreat from the main imperial palace now known as the Palace Museum or Forbidden City-a pleasureground in the countryside，yet near to the city. 頤和園的英文名稱"Summer Palace"(夏天的宮殿)意思是這里是皇帝在夏大的居住之地—一個(gè)離城不遠(yuǎn)、位與鄉(xiāng)村的、供帝王后妃們逍遙游樂(lè)的紫禁城。 The gardens that became the Summer Palace date from the Jin Dynasty (1115一1234 ).Later, the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan(Yuan Dynasty，1279-1368)，who wanted to improve Beijing's water supply，ordered the construction of canals to transport water from the Western Hills to the Summer Palace. He also enlarged the lake(today's Kun Ming Lake)to act as a reservoir. 早在金代( 1115一1234 ),頤和園就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始成為花園隨后，元朝(1279~1368)的忽必烈又改進(jìn)北京的水系統(tǒng)，開(kāi)挖運(yùn)河把西山的水引到頤和園，他還擴(kuò)建了昆明湖作為蓄水池。 In 1750，Emperor Qian Long(1736一1796 )of the Qing Dynasty(1644一1911)added substantially to the gardens of the Summer Palace. His appointed designers reproduced the styles of various palaces and gardens from around China. Kun Ming Lake was extended to imitate the West Lake in Hangzhou. 1750年，清朝(1644-1911)的乾隆皇帝再接再厲，把這個(gè)花園修建成了皇家園林。他讓設(shè)計(jì)師們復(fù)制中國(guó)的各種園林風(fēng)格匯集于此。昆明湖就是模仿杭州西湖而造的。 In 1860，the Anglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing and set fire to many of the buildings within the Summer Palace. 1860年，英法聯(lián)軍浸略北京，縱火燒毀了這里的大部分建筑。 In 1886,Dowager Empress Ci Xi，with embezzled funds from the Imperial Navy，restored the grand gardens. The reconstruction and enlargement of the Summer Palace continued for ten years. After completion,she renamed the gardens‘Yi He Yuan’(Garden of Peace andHarmony) 1886年，慈嬉太后挪用海軍經(jīng)費(fèi)重建并擴(kuò)建了這些花園，工程持續(xù)10年之久，完1年后她將其改名為頤和園(頤養(yǎng)和諧之園)。 In 1889，the Empress Dowager Ci Xi moved her administration to the renovated Yi He Yuan and the gardens that had long been an imperial pleasure ground became the primary Summer Palace. 1889年，慈嬉連同她的行政部門一起搬到修復(fù)一新的頤和園。從此，頤和園變成了首要的皇家夏日游樂(lè)場(chǎng)所。 A full-scale restoration began in 1903，and today's Summer Palace is more or less the same as the palace rebuilt from then. 1903年，慈嬉逃亡返回北京后，又對(duì)頤和園做了全方位的修復(fù)今天的頤和園與修復(fù)后的頤和園大致相似。 After the success of the 1911 Revolution，the Summer Palace was opened to the public. Then，after the last Qing Emperor Pu Yi was thrown out of the Palaces in 1924，the Summer Palace was turned into a park. The Summer Palace has become a popular and relaxing destination for both domestic and international tourists now.1911年革命成功后，頤和園開(kāi)始對(duì)一外開(kāi)放。不過(guò)，頤和園成為真正的公園是1924年清朝的末代空帝被趕出官殿之后。如今，頤和園已成為中外游人喜歡游玩的好去處。
The Summer Palace was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1998. 1998年，頤和園被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科義組織列人《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。
Special Mention
特別提醒
The palace is the largest and the best-preserved royal garden in the world with the richest cultural connotation,hence it is honored as a the museum of royal gardens. Its general layout makes full use of the hill and the lake，together with the borrowed views from the peaks of the west mountain，which brings about infinite scenery variations with exceeding beauty. The buildings in the palace are the architectural cream from all parts of China. The administrative and residential areas in the east of the palace are typical of the quadrangle in northern China，where the enclosed courtyards are connected by various roofed causeways. The lake area in its south，however，is an imitation of West Lake of Hangzhou， where a dyke divides the lake in two，thus giving it an obvious touch of southern China landscape. On the north side of Longevity Hill，the scene is that of Tibetan masery，where stand white pagodas and buildings like blockhouses And in north，the Suzhou Market Street，with all kinds of shops and its crisscrossing water courses，is again in the style of the waterscape in southern China.
頤和園是世界上建筑規(guī)模最大，保存最完整，文化內(nèi)涵最豐富的皇家御苑，被譽(yù)為皇家園林博物館。全園以山湖形式巧做安排，以西山群峰借景，使園內(nèi)景色變幻無(wú)窮，美不勝收?qǐng)@內(nèi)建筑吸收了中國(guó)各地建筑的精華。東部的宮殿區(qū)和內(nèi)廷區(qū)，是典型的北方四合院風(fēng)格。一個(gè)個(gè)封閉的院落山游廊連通;南部的湖泊區(qū)是仿杭州西湖景色，一道西堤把湖泊一分為二，具有一濃郁的江南情調(diào);萬(wàn)壽山的北面，是典型的西藏喇嘛廟宇風(fēng)格，有白塔及城堡式建筑，北部的蘇州街，店鋪林立，水道縱橫，又是典型的江南水鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)格。
頤和園的英語(yǔ)閱讀：頤和園主要景點(diǎn)與周邊名勝
Major Scenic Sites
Hall of Benevolence and Longevity Area
East Palace Gate
Hall of Benevolence and Longevity
Hall of Jade Billows
Hall of Joyful Longevity:Rock of Green Fungus
Garden of Virtue and Harmony
Kunming Lake Area
Kunming Lake
Pavilion of Flourishing Culture
Seventeen-arch Bridge
Pavilion of Broad View
Penglai Isle:Shrine for Universal Blessing Rain
Six Bridges of West Dyke:Tower of Bright Scene
Long Gallery Area
Long Gallery
Hall of Oriole Singing
Clear and Calm Boat
Longevity Hill Area
Hall of Dispelling Clouds
Tower of Buddhist Incense
Prayer Wheel Repository
Treasure Cloud Pavilion
Sea of Wisdom
Pavilion of Great Happiness
Garden of Harmonious Interests
Rambling in Picture
Four Continents
Suzhou Market Street
Other Attractions Around the Place
Beijing arboretum
Fragrant Hills
Yuanmingyuan Park
主要景點(diǎn)
仁壽殿景區(qū)
東宮門
長(zhǎng)瀾堂
德和園
昆明湖景區(qū)
昆明湖
十·七孔橋
蓬萊島:廣潤(rùn)靈雨祠
文昌閣
廓如亭
西堤六橋:景明樓
長(zhǎng)廊景區(qū)
長(zhǎng)廊 聽(tīng)鸝館
清晏舫
萬(wàn)壽山景區(qū)
排云殿
佛香閣
轉(zhuǎn)輪藏
寶云閣
智慧海
景福閣
諧趣園:知魚(yú)橋
四大部洲
畫(huà)中游
蘇州街
周邊名勝北京植物園
香山
圓明園
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