實(shí)例講解托福寫作避免使用初期詞匯

　　涉及托福的時(shí)候，能夠有著清晰的邏輯固然很重要，但是詞匯對(duì)于整篇內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)也有著至關(guān)重要的作用。如果在文章中用慣普通的初級(jí)詞匯，那文章就顯得過于暗淡。如何避免初級(jí)詞匯在文章中過多的出現(xiàn)呢?現(xiàn)在就為大家來舉幾個(gè)例子。

　　實(shí)例講解托福寫作避免使用初期詞匯

　　1.Original: We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn.

　　Revised: It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn.

　　專家點(diǎn)評(píng)：know是非常初級(jí)的詞匯，作文中出現(xiàn)I believe that…，I know that…這樣的表達(dá)只能體現(xiàn)考生寫作技巧的稚嫩，用It does not surprise us to discover that…替換We know that…并沒有改變?cè)涞暮x，卻使全句頓時(shí)增添了亮點(diǎn)。

　　2.Original: We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

　　Revised: It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply.

　　托福寫作專家點(diǎn)評(píng)：同上例一樣，know這樣的初級(jí)詞匯應(yīng)避免在作文中使用，It goes without saying that…是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“……是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用來引經(jīng)據(jù)典或表明一個(gè)盡人皆知的道理，類似的表達(dá)還有：

　　An old saying goes that…

　　Proverb goes that…

　　It is universally acknowledged that…

　　It is generally accepted that…

　　3.Original: Some other people think that people should read extensively.

　　Revised: Another position says that people should read extensively.

　　專家點(diǎn)評(píng)：同know一樣，think也應(yīng)該盡量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that…代替think提出另一種觀點(diǎn)，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion這樣的短語替換。

　　4.Original: The unexpected win of the match give us confidence.

　　Revised: The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence.

　　專家點(diǎn)評(píng)：give也屬于英語中最初級(jí)、最基本的詞匯，也是中國(guó)學(xué)生最喜歡在托福獨(dú)立寫作中應(yīng)用的詞。這個(gè)詞只表示“給，給予”這個(gè)動(dòng)作，不涉及動(dòng)作的性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)，若表示增添信心，增強(qiáng)士氣，比較地道的說法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughout the company. 管理模式的改變使整個(gè)公司上下士氣倍受鼓舞。

　　5.Original: The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years.

　　Revised: The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years.

　　專家點(diǎn)評(píng)：greatly是一般用語，表示程度高，“很，非常”，使用相當(dāng)普遍而沒有新意，在托福獨(dú)立寫作中應(yīng)盡量避免使用這些通俗而又陳舊的詞匯，應(yīng)換用一些更加正式，更有說服力的詞語，例如significantly表示達(dá)到了非常重要的或可觀的程度，“重大的，可觀的”，能夠具體說明藥品使用方面，增長(zhǎng)幅度巨大。significantly還可以替換成considerably，tremendously等，同樣具有不錯(cuò)的表達(dá)效果。

　　總之，在文章使用些有新意的用詞來替代那些通俗的詞匯，也是讓托福作文獲得高分的一種途徑。但是，前提是要對(duì)這些用詞有了充分的理解，冒然使用一些冷僻詞匯，不但文不對(duì)意，更是達(dá)不到預(yù)期效果。

　　托福寫作銜接詞匯總

　　托福作文采用不同的句子開頭是使句子多樣化的手段之一。不同的句子開頭既可以美化句子，同時(shí)也能使句子與句子之間自然過度，銜接自然，也可以在托福寫作中贏得高分。

　　1. 用副詞開頭，常見的情形有：

　　(1) 副詞修飾全句

　　Luckily, he didn't know my phone number;otherwise, he would bother me.

　　Incredibly, Helena got straight A in her schoolreport this semester.

　　Interestingly, cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.

　　修飾全句常用的副詞有：

　　obviously undoubtedly

　　apparently fortunately

　　clearly unfortunately

　　incredibly luckily

　　unluckily surprisingly

　　frighteningly

　　這些副詞大多數(shù)表示說話人對(duì)全句的看法，在意思上相等與 “It is ... 形容詞that ...” 。 e.g:

　　Obviously, he is nervous about the test. =It is obvious that he is nervous about the test.

　　Unfortunately, he tripped over and fell in the mud. =It is unfortunate that he tripped overand fell in the mud.

　　(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞

　　Hurriedly, the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction.

　　Dangerously, the drunkard sped down the street.

　　Slowly and gently, snowflakes were drifting down from the sky.

　　(3) 副詞表示某一地域或某一領(lǐng)域

　　Geographically, Canada is the biggest country in the world.

　　Financially, she is independent, but emotionally she is dependent.

　　2. 用插入語開頭，表示說話人的態(tài)度，或使句子的意思更加準(zhǔn)確：

　　Strangely enough, Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.

　　Generally speaking, winter in Vancouver is gloomy.

　　類似的插入語有：

　　no wonder no doubt

　　in other words in my opinion

　　in conclusion in fact

　　as a matter of fact

　　3. 用形容詞、并列形容詞或形容詞短語開頭，修飾句子的主語，表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)：

　　Frantic, the young mother rushed out the door with the baby in her arms.

　　Tasty and crisp, potato chip are a favorite snack for both children and adults.

　　Happy at his good marks at school, the little boy skipped on his way home.

　　Desperate and hopeless, the poor man committed suicide.

　　4. 用分詞、分詞短語開頭：

　　(1) 修飾句子主語，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或主語同時(shí)進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)較謂語動(dòng)詞次要的動(dòng)作：

　　Scared, the girl moved timidly and cautiously into the dark room.( 狀態(tài))

　　Chased by my dear pet cat, the mouse dashed into a small hole.( 狀態(tài) )

　　Spoiled by his parents, the naughty boy always insists on things he wants.( 狀態(tài))

　　Puffing and hugging, he finished his run.( 另一動(dòng)作)

　　Looking at herself in the mirror, she fingered her silk scarf on her shoulder.( 另一動(dòng)作)

　　(2) 修飾謂語動(dòng)詞，表示原因、時(shí)間等

　　Lying down on the couch, he felt much relaxed.( 時(shí)間)

　　Feeling bored, she turned on the TV and switched from channel to channel.( 原因)

　　Wanting to find out the business hour, she called the store.( 原因)

　　Having completed the form, he mailed it out immediately.( 時(shí)間)