英語文化：傳統(tǒng)豐盛英式早餐是什么樣的

　　摘要：英國人最喜歡在早餐喝什么呢?當(dāng)然是茶。大約55%英國人在吃全英式早餐的時(shí)候會(huì)喝一杯茶。他們第二喜歡的是鮮橙汁(41%)，第三喜歡的是咖啡(35%)。

　　It's said to be the most important meal of the day...even if only six per cent of us eat it.

　　據(jù)說早餐是一日三餐中最重要的一餐……雖然只有6%的人會(huì)吃早餐。

　　But a poll has now decided what should be on the plate for the perfect full English breakfast.

　　通過投票，人們選出了一頓豐盛的全英式早餐所應(yīng)包含的食物。

　　And there is no room for ‘johnny come lately’ hash browns or northern delicacy black pudding.

　　新興的美式香煎土豆絲和北方美食黑布丁則不在此列。

　　A poll of 2,000 people made the decision and it is:

　　2000人投票選出的是：

　　Fried eggs, smoked bacon, thick sausages, grilled tomatoes, fried mushrooms, toast and baked beans.

　　煎蛋、醺肉、粗香腸、烤番茄、炸蘑菇、吐司和烘豆。

　　And while this might be a big spread, cooked breakfasts are the cheapest they've been for five years.

　　這個(gè)結(jié)果或許將會(huì)廣為傳播，但煮早餐早已是近5年以來最實(shí)惠的早餐方式了。

　　Almost half the people asked made the full English their favourite breakfast dish and over a third of Brits eat breakfast out more than once a month.

　　參與投票的人中幾乎有一半都的最愛是全英式早餐，而超過三分之一的英國人每個(gè)月至少會(huì)出去吃一頓早餐。

　　And there is still fierce debate over the perfect condiment to accompany the Full English breakfast – in the South, ketchup is the sauce of choice but in the North, breakfast champions refuse to use any condiment other than brown sauce.

　　至于全英式早餐要配什么佐料，人們?nèi)匀辉诩ち覡幷撝?。在南部，人們?huì)選擇番茄醬，但在北部，早餐的佐料只會(huì)用棕醬。

　　Mitchells & Butlers - the company behind high street pub and bar chains like Toby Carvery, Harvester restaurants and Sizzling Pubs – carried out the research and the firm’s marketing specialist Jo Hudson, said: “There is so much debate about the Full English breakfast that we wanted to identify what Britain really wanted on its classic breakfast plate.

　　這個(gè)調(diào)查是由Mitchells & Butlers發(fā)起的，這家公司支撐著Toby烤肉店、Harvester餐廳和Sizzling酒館這樣的商業(yè)街酒吧連鎖。公司的市場專家瓊·哈德森說：“關(guān)于全英式早餐的爭論太多了，所以我們想確認(rèn)一下英國人真正想要的傳統(tǒng)早餐是什么樣的。”

　　“We’ve discovered that there is a north-south divide when it comes to certain breakfast items. In the north, for example, they prefer unsmoked bacon and they insist on black pudding and brown sauce on their Full English. But in the south, they won’t warrant a breakfast without ketchup, smoked bacon and no black pudding.

　　“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了南北在某些早餐菜式上存在差異。比如說在北方，人們更喜歡非煙熏肉，認(rèn)為全英式早餐里必須要有黑布丁和棕醬。但在南方，人們不會(huì)接受一頓沒有番茄醬和煙熏肉的早餐，也不吃黑布丁。

　　“But we’ve crunched the statistics and come up with the definitive Full English breakfast plate as voted for by the majority of Brits.”

　　“但我們得出了一份權(quán)威的全英式早餐菜式列表，這是經(jīng)過英國大多數(shù)人的投票后，我們處理投票數(shù)據(jù)得出的。”

　　The survey reveals that 67% of Brits eat breakfast every day and most -51% - eat breakfast alone.

　　調(diào)查顯示，67%的英國人每天都會(huì)吃早餐，大多數(shù)人(51%)是獨(dú)自吃早餐的。

　　The nation’s favourite breakfast drink? Tea, of course. Some 55% of the UK has a cup of tea when it eats a Full English breakfast. Second favourite is fresh orange juice (41%) and in third is coffee (35%).

　　英國人最喜歡在早餐喝什么呢?當(dāng)然是茶。大約55%英國人在吃全英式早餐的時(shí)候會(huì)喝一杯茶。他們第二喜歡的是鮮橙汁(41%)，第三喜歡的是咖啡(35%)。

　　Jo Hudson added: “Our research also discovered that far from being unadventurous, Brits are happy to chance their arm and try new things for breakfast. Lobster Benedict, Eggs Benedict, Breakfast Burgers, Egg & Marmite Soldiers, Salmon & Scrambled Eggs – more than a third of the nation (34%) have tried all these.

　　瓊·哈德森補(bǔ)充道：“我們的調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn)英國人根本不是不喜冒險(xiǎn)，他們很樂意在早餐的時(shí)候嘗嘗新東西。龍蝦松餅、火腿蛋松餅、早餐漢堡、雞蛋配面包條、鮭魚配炒雞蛋——超過三分之一的英國人(34%)都嘗過這些。

　　History of the full English

　　全英式早餐的歷史

　　The first English Breakfast was mentioned in recipes around 1840 but the menu was not fixed it could include halibut, whiting, figs, pheasant, kidneys on toast, and pork pie”.

　　英式早餐最早是在1840年左右的菜譜中被提及的，但菜式并不固定，可能會(huì)有大比目魚、無花果、野雞、吐司配腰子和豬肉餡餅。

　　That legend of the cookbook Mrs Beeton in her household management book of 1861 recorded breakfast as: “The following list of hot dishes may perhaps assist our readers in knowing what to provide for the comfortable meal called breakfast. Broiled fish, such as mackerel, whiting, herrings, dried haddocks, mutton chops and rump-steaks, broiled sheep’s kidneys, kidneys à la maître d’hôtel, sausages, plain rashers of bacon, bacon and poached eggs, ham and poached eggs, omelets, plain boiled eggs, oeufs-au-plat, poached eggs on toast, muffins, toast, marmalade, butter.”

　　在傳奇級(jí)食譜——比頓夫人1861年的家庭管理手冊中，她對(duì)早餐的記錄是：“在準(zhǔn)備一頓令人舒適的早餐時(shí)，以下的熱菜列表或許能幫助讀者選擇做什么菜?？爵~(如鯖魚、牙鱈、鯡魚)、黑線鱈魚干、羊排骨和羊肉排、烤綿羊腰子、總管腰子、香腸、熏肉片、熏肉配煮雞蛋、火腿配煮雞蛋、煎蛋卷、水煮雞蛋、煎蛋、煮雞蛋配吐司、松餅、吐司、果醬、黃油。”

　　During the Second World War due to a shortage of bacon and eggs breakfast became a rare luxury but by 1956 half the British population were still having a cooked breakfast even if it was just a boiled egg.

　　二戰(zhàn)期間，由于熏肉和雞蛋短缺，早餐變成了罕有的奢侈品。但直到1956年，仍然有一半的英國人吃做好的早餐，盡管只有一個(gè)煮雞蛋。

　　An Ulster version includes potato bread and soda farls, Welsh includes laverbread, eaten fried with bacon and cockles. In the North Midlands, oatcakes sometimes replace fried bread and the Scots includes tattie scones and Lorne sausage.

　　阿爾斯特(位于北愛爾蘭)版本的早餐中有土豆面包和蘇打薄餅;威爾士版本的則有萊佛面包，跟熏肉和鳥蛤一起炸著吃。在英格蘭中部地區(qū)偏北的地方，人們有時(shí)候會(huì)用燕麥餅代替煎面包，而蘇格蘭早餐會(huì)有土豆煎餅和方形香腸。

　　A typical full English has approximately 1190 calories.

　　一頓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的全英式早餐大約含有1190卡路里。