With復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的用法

　　with結(jié)構(gòu)是許多英語(yǔ)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的一種.學(xué)好它對(duì)學(xué)好復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)均能起很重要的作用.本文就此的構(gòu)成、特點(diǎn)及用法等作一較全面闡述,以幫助同學(xué)們掌握這一重要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí).

　　一、 with結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成

　　它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中第一部分賓語(yǔ)由名詞或代詞充當(dāng),第二

　　部分補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng),分詞可以是現(xiàn)在分詞,也可以是過(guò)去分詞.With結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成方式如下：

　　1. with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞;

　　2. with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞;

　　3. with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語(yǔ);

　　4. with或without-名詞/代詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式;

　　5. with或without-名詞/代詞 +分詞.

　　下面分別舉例：

　　1、 She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名詞+形容詞,作伴隨狀語(yǔ))

　　2、 With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名詞+副詞,作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

　　3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm.(with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ),作伴隨狀語(yǔ).) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.

　　4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名詞+不定式,作伴隨狀語(yǔ)) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代詞 +不定式,作條件狀語(yǔ))

　　5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ,作伴隨狀語(yǔ)) Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過(guò)去分詞,作為原因狀語(yǔ))

　　二、with結(jié)構(gòu)的用法

　　在句子中with結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),表示行為方式,伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因或條件(詳見上述例句).

　　With結(jié)構(gòu)在句中也可以作定語(yǔ).例如：