托福閱讀總超時(shí)怎么辦
在備考托福閱讀過(guò)程中，大家一般專注于學(xué)習(xí)并練習(xí)解題技巧，提高正確率。而時(shí)間問(wèn)題，一般會(huì)隨著正確率的提升而自然而然得解決。但是總有部分同學(xué)，在備考過(guò)程中會(huì)遇到超時(shí)的問(wèn)題：雖然正確率比較高，但是時(shí)間會(huì)超出20分鐘;更甚者，即超時(shí)，正確率也不高。今天編就帶大家分析造成超時(shí)問(wèn)題的原因，并淺談超時(shí)問(wèn)題的解決方案。
托福閱讀總超時(shí)怎么辦?
1、首先，超時(shí)問(wèn)題要結(jié)合正確率，才可以客觀地進(jìn)行分析。
脫離正確率談超時(shí)或者脫離時(shí)間問(wèn)題單獨(dú)看正確率，都是有失偏頗的。正如第一段中提到，超時(shí)情況大致可以分為兩種：雖然正確率比較高，但是時(shí)間會(huì)超出20分鐘;更甚者，既超時(shí)，正確率也不高。
首先是正確率不高同時(shí)還有較為嚴(yán)重的超時(shí)問(wèn)題。造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因，有一部分一定是基礎(chǔ)不夠夯實(shí)。
托福的基礎(chǔ)能力主要包括充足的詞匯量以及快速精準(zhǔn)地理解句意。如果在大幅度超時(shí)的前提下，還是無(wú)法取得較高做題的正確率，那么基本可以估計(jì)，這位同學(xué)的詞匯量不足，并且理解句子也可能未必能做到快速且準(zhǔn)確。
所以如果是受到這個(gè)類似問(wèn)題困擾的同學(xué)，那么在復(fù)習(xí)的過(guò)程中，就需要做到一下幾點(diǎn)：
1、暫時(shí)停止做閱讀題
2、開(kāi)始背單詞，并進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)難句翻譯練習(xí)(新航道標(biāo)準(zhǔn)課程設(shè)置B階段的托福閱讀課都會(huì)提供長(zhǎng)難句翻譯訓(xùn)練)
3、完成單詞背誦以及長(zhǎng)難句翻譯練習(xí)后(根據(jù)自己每日的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間安排，如果每天2小時(shí)不間斷，大概1-1.5個(gè)月可以背完一遍單詞)，開(kāi)始結(jié)合老師上課傳授的做題技巧進(jìn)行閱讀題目的練習(xí)，并在練習(xí)過(guò)程中注意做題速度。
按照上述步驟進(jìn)行備考，將正確率提高到80% 以上(22/23分左右的水平)之后，再考慮進(jìn)一步提高正確率，正確高分甚至滿分。所有托福備考的同學(xué)都需要注意，先夯實(shí)詞句的基礎(chǔ)，再結(jié)合做題技巧，不要舍本逐末。
2、第二種情況：雖然正確率比較高，但是時(shí)間會(huì)超出20分鐘。
遇到這種問(wèn)題的同學(xué)，需要先明確一點(diǎn)：因超時(shí)而取得的高正確率，是虛假的正確。正確率計(jì)算方法：超出規(guī)定時(shí)間后完成的題目，就算錯(cuò)誤。
所以首先，超時(shí)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重影響考試成績(jī)的問(wèn)題?？紙?chǎng)上倒計(jì)時(shí)歸零即無(wú)法再做題，沒(méi)做的題目都是無(wú)法得分。因此，平時(shí)的超時(shí)一定要引起重視。其次是了解造成超時(shí)的原因。
一般正確率較高，只是超時(shí)3-5分鐘左右的同學(xué)，原因大致可以分為以下幾個(gè)：
1、某種類型的題目不太擅長(zhǎng)，解題耗時(shí)過(guò)久
2、對(duì)于某種類型的文章因?yàn)槿狈ο鄬?duì)應(yīng)的專門(mén)的學(xué)科詞匯儲(chǔ)備糧和一定的學(xué)科背景知識(shí)，而造成對(duì)于某些專門(mén)學(xué)科的文章的閱讀較慢，做題較慢，從而造成超時(shí)
3、緊張，從而導(dǎo)致文章需要看好幾遍才能讓大腦考試進(jìn)行理解，前期讀3-4遍都是放空狀態(tài)，無(wú)法理解。
3、導(dǎo)致原因3有可能是心理問(wèn)題。
考試會(huì)緊張的同學(xué)，考前多放松，放下心理包袱，輕松上陣。不要怕，就是干!
如果主要是原因2造成的超時(shí)，可以進(jìn)行專門(mén)的特定學(xué)科詞匯背誦并補(bǔ)充背景知識(shí)，同時(shí)練習(xí)相應(yīng)學(xué)科的文章。
如果是原因1，可以進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)題型的分析，解題技巧的學(xué)習(xí)，再進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)練習(xí)，找到該題型做題較慢的原因，進(jìn)而對(duì)癥下藥。
不同的題型，造成超時(shí)的原因不盡相同，不能統(tǒng)一歸因，具體問(wèn)題具體分析。
簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，超時(shí)是一個(gè)會(huì)造成正確率偏低的嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，需要大家引起重視。切記，脫離時(shí)間談的正確率，都是假的，假的，假的!
托福閱讀速度太慢 可能是這三方面原因?qū)е碌?
一.只背單詞不做練習(xí)
許多同學(xué)把備考托福閱讀等同于背單詞，因而一天到晚只跟單詞書(shū)親近，卻不曾正眼看過(guò)官方真題Official中的閱讀文章。背單詞固然重要，畢竟單詞不會(huì)，文章也無(wú)法理解。但是想要提高分?jǐn)?shù)、想要沖刺閱讀高分，那我們就必須把官方真題Official閱讀文章當(dāng)作圣經(jīng)一樣來(lái)對(duì)待。這不只是草草做題對(duì)答案了事，更是通過(guò)大量做題，來(lái)增強(qiáng)自己對(duì)于托福閱讀出題套路的了解，以期掌握每種題型的應(yīng)對(duì)方案，爭(zhēng)取做到讀完題之后，能夠立刻找到題干中的有效關(guān)鍵詞，再迅速回文定位答案。同學(xué)們不要覺(jué)得題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)是很笨的方法，多年實(shí)踐已經(jīng)證明，它其實(shí)是一種很有效率的學(xué)習(xí)方法，關(guān)鍵在于我們是否能夠通過(guò)題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)有所收獲，而不是為了做題而做題。
二.不分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)
特別強(qiáng)調(diào)做完題后，分析每篇文章的文章結(jié)構(gòu)這件事。為什么?因?yàn)槲恼陆Y(jié)構(gòu)大概也就那么幾種，見(jiàn)得多了，便就一見(jiàn)如故了。在考場(chǎng)上，我們根本沒(méi)有時(shí)間為了最后一道題而把文章再通讀一便。而倘若我們?cè)谧鲱}過(guò)程中，就能迅速總結(jié)出每一段的中心意思，那么這篇文章我們一定會(huì)讀得更通透，在做每一段相應(yīng)的題時(shí)也就能夠提高準(zhǔn)確率。而能否迅速總結(jié)出段落大意就依賴于平時(shí)嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練。不要做完了題就萬(wàn)事大吉，把每篇文章充分利用起來(lái)，觀察它們的結(jié)構(gòu)，多做總結(jié)，這樣的工作做得多了，必然會(huì)有所收獲的。
三.閱讀時(shí)候沒(méi)有英文思維
很多同學(xué)在翻譯句子的過(guò)程中，都沒(méi)有一個(gè)良好的習(xí)慣，只是機(jī)械地把所有英文單詞的中文意思堆砌起來(lái)。對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)單句來(lái)說(shuō)，這樣做其實(shí)無(wú)可厚非;但是遇到語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)稍微復(fù)雜的句子，這種方法便會(huì)立刻失效，于是同學(xué)們便會(huì)不斷重復(fù)回看這句話，想要弄清楚它的意思，這樣便造成了時(shí)間上的極大浪費(fèi)。所以我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)練習(xí)過(guò)程中需要訓(xùn)練自己養(yǎng)成一個(gè)良好的閱讀習(xí)慣，不要被那些單詞牽著走，而要主動(dòng)地去分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：句子主語(yǔ)是誰(shuí)?這個(gè)主語(yǔ)怎么了，發(fā)生了什么事?誰(shuí)是修飾成分?誰(shuí)才是真正的謂語(yǔ)?當(dāng)我們能夠做到讀完一句理解一句，相信我們自然就能在要求時(shí)間之內(nèi)答完題了。
托福閱讀真題1
Cities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result directly from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to the city and to which the city furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make a distinction between the situation and the site of a city. Situation refers to the general position in relation to the surrounding region, whereas site involves physical characteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much more important to the continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue. Chicago, for example, possesses an almost unparalleled situation: it is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-west transportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and water transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the world's finest large farming regions. These factors ensured that Chicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding during thunderstorm activity.
Similarly, it can be argued that much of New York City's importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation. Philadelphia and Boston both originated at about the same time as New York and shared New York's location at the western end of one of the world's most important oceanic trade routes, but only New York possesses an easy-access functional connection (the Hudson-Mohawk lowland) to the vast Midwestern hinterland. This account does not alone explain New York's primacy, but it does include several important factors. Among the many aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities grow and others do not, original location on a navigable waterway seems particularly applicable. Of course, such characteristic as slope, drainage, power resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help to determine city location, but such factors are normally more significant in early stages of city development than later.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The development of trade routes through United States cities
(B) Contrasts in settlement patterns in United States
(C) Historical differences among three large United States cities
(D) The importance of geographical situation in the growth of United States cities
2. The word ingenuity in line 2. is closest in meaning to
(A) wealth
(B) resourcefulness
(C) traditions
(D) organization
3. The passage suggests that a geographer would consider a city's soil type part of its
(A) hinterland
(B) situation
(C) site
(D) function
4. According to the passage , a city's situation is more important than its site in regard to the
city's
(A) long-term growth and prosperity
(B) ability to protect its citizenry
(C) possession of favorable weather conditions
(D) need to import food supplies
5. The author mentions each of the following as an advantage of Chicago's location EXCEPT its
(A) hinterland
(B) nearness to a large lake
(C) position in regard to transport routes
(D) flat terrain
6. The word characteristics in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) choices
(B) attitudes
(C) qualities
(D) inhabitants
7. The primary purpose of paragraph 1 is to
(A) summarize past research and introduce a new study
(B) describe a historical period
(C) emphasize the advantages of one theory over another
(D) define a term and illustrate it with an example
8. According to the passage , Philadelphia and Boston are similar to New York City in
(A) size of population
(B) age
(C) site
(D) availability of rail transportation
9. The word functional in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) alternate
(B) unknown
(C) original
(D) usable
10. The word it in line 21 refers to
(A) account
(B) primacy
(C) connection
(D) hinterland
11. The word significant in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) threatening
(B) meaningful
(C) obvious
(D) available
PASSAGE 71 DBCAD CDCDA B
托福閱讀真題2
The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 1920's, marked the twentieth century's first period of intense activity by African Americans in the field of literature, art, and music in the United States. The philosophy of the movement combined realism, ethnic consciousness, and Americanism. Encouraged by the example of certain Americans of European descent such as Thomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks, who had included persons of African descent in their paintings as serious studies rather than as trivial or sentimental stereotypes, African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States. As they began to strive for social and cultural independence. Their attitudes toward themselves changed, and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them. Thus, though the Harlem Renaissance was a short-lived movement, its impact on American art and culture continues to the present.
The district in New York City known as Harlem was the capital of the movement. In 1925 an issue of Survey Graphic magazine devoted exclusively to Harlem and edited by philosopher Alain Locke became the manifesto of the African American artistic movement. Locke strongly suggested that individuals, while accepting their Americanism, take pride in their African ancestral arts and urged artists to look to Africa for substance and inspiration. Far from advocating a withdrawal from American culture, as did some of his contemporaries, Locke recommended a cultural pluralism through which artists could enrich the culture of America. African Americans were urged by Locke to be collaborators and participators with other Americans in art, literature, and music; and at the same time to preserve, enhance, and promote their own cultural heritage.
Artists and intellectuals from many parts of the United States and the Caribbean had been attracted to Harlem by the pulse and beat of its unique and dynamic culture. From this unity created by the convergence of artists from various social and geographical backgrounds came a new spirit, which, particularly in densely populated Harlem, was to result in greater group awareness and self-determination. African American graphic artists took their place beside the poets and writers of the Harlem Renaissance and carried on efforts to increase and promote the visual arts.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) African American paintings in the 1920's
(B) An arts movement of the 1920's
(C) The influence of Alain Locke on African American art
(D) Some ways in which African culture inspired American literature, art and music
2. According to the passage , Tomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks were important because of
(A) the philosophical contributions they made to the Harlem Renaissance
(B) their development of a new style of African American art
(C) they way in which they depicted African Americans in their paintings
(D) their independence from European artistic traditions
3. The word them in line 11 refers to
(A) Americans of European descent
(B) paintings
(C) African American artists
(D) attitudes
4. According to the passage , African American artists of the 1920's differed from earlier African
American artists in terms of their feelings about
(A) themselves
(B) other artists
(C) their impact on American art
(D) stereotypes
5. The word urged in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A) prepared
(B) defined
(C) permitted
(D) encouraged
6. Alain Locke believed all of the following to be important to the African American artistic
movement EXCEPT
(A) pride in African art
(B) cultural pluralism
(C) collaboration with other artists
(D) withdrawal from American culture
7. In mentioning the pulse and beat (line 25) of Harlem during the 1920's, the author is
characterizing the district as one that
(A) depended greatly on its interaction with other parts of the city
(B) grew economically in a short period of time
(C) was an exciting place to be
(D) was in danger of losing population
8. The word convergence in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) gathering
(B) promotion
(C) expression
(D) influence
9. According to the passage , all of the following were true of Harlem in the 1920's EXCEPT:
(A) Some Caribbean artists and intellectuals lived there.
(B) It attracted people from various regions of United States.
(C) It was one of the most expensive neighborhoods in New York City.
(D) It was a unique cultural center.
10. The phrase carried on in line 30 is closest in meaning to
(A) continued
(B) praised
(C) transformed
(D) connected
PASSAGE 72 BCCAD DCACA
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