初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納
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初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
1.參加take part in/be in/ join in+活動(dòng) 參加活動(dòng) takepart in the long jump
join the school rowing club加入組織
be/play for/against sth支持/反對(duì)某人 /某事
效力They both play for the HoustonRockets in the NBA. 反義詞play againt對(duì)陣
2.花費(fèi)
人+spend some time/money onsth/in doing sth
花費(fèi)時(shí)間或者金錢(qián)在某事上/做某事
人+pay some money for sth
物+cost/ take help sb (to) dosomething=do sb. a favor=give sb a hand
3.到達(dá)reach/ get to/arrive in/at+地點(diǎn)， in為大地點(diǎn)，inBeijing, at為小地點(diǎn) at home
4.著名be famous for Chinais famous for the Great Wall. 因。。。而聞名
be famous as Chongqingis famous as the Moutain City.稱之為，美譽(yù)
5.like動(dòng)詞喜歡feellike doing sth 喜歡做某事
like介詞像looklike看起來(lái)像 sound like聽(tīng)起來(lái)像 smell like聞起來(lái)像,taste like嘗起來(lái)像.
6.看look look up a word in adictionary查單詞
look like看起來(lái)像,look at看一看, look for尋找, look over檢查, look after
7.借I can lend you some tapes ofher songs. 主語(yǔ)借出
We often borrow books from thelibrary.主語(yǔ)借進(jìn)
Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行車嗎?=Can you lend me your bike?=Can you lend your bike to me? 你可以借你的車給我嗎?
8.照顧動(dòng)詞carefor the patients 照顧病人，名詞take care of sb/oneself,
形容詞Becareful當(dāng)心(反)careless
9. 猜測(cè)Collecting stamps must begreat fun. 收集郵票想必很有趣。
類似事實(shí)Collectingstamps is fun. 收集郵票很有趣.
10.能夠be able to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 can+動(dòng)詞原形
11. close形容詞They are close friends親密的朋友.動(dòng)詞Close the door.關(guān)門(mén)
cover 名詞蓋子，動(dòng)詞覆蓋
12. enough have enoughfood/rice/money/books(名詞)
He is not tall(形容詞)enoughto reach the fan.=He is too short to reach the fan(夠得著風(fēng)扇).cold/warm/big/small+enough足夠冷/暖/大/小
13.介詞for 與to(有不定式就用for, 無(wú)則用to)
Rainforests/Plants and animalsare important/usful/necessaryto us.
Water is important to us.Water is very important for us to live.
Water is necessary to us. It’s necessary for us to learn English.
be helpful in doing sth在某方面有幫助, behelpful to do sth
抽象名詞
Some stamps are of greatvalue=Some stamps are very valuable.
This meeting is of greatimportance=This meeting is very important.
Computers are of greatuse=Computers are very useful.
14. live 動(dòng)詞居住，第三人稱單數(shù)lives
live 形容詞， 活的, live models 真人模特
life 名詞， 生命， 復(fù)數(shù)lives
15. keep him active/healthy,keep the classroom clean, keep the thief waiting and standing outside,keeptrying
16.help sb with sth在某方面幫助某人
The Internet can help us to do a lot of things.
help名詞with the help of Jane=withJane's help 反義詞without
17. plan名詞the plans for this year/nextweek
動(dòng)詞How do you plan to celebrateit?=How are you going to celebrate it?
18.exciting, excited,interesting, interested, tiring, tired(說(shuō)人用ing, 形容物用ed)
The movie was very exciting.People are excited.an exciting movie
The stories are veryinteresting. He is very interested in it.an interesting story
The job is tiring. She is verytired of it. You have a tiring job.
19.change my clothes換我的衣服, 名詞a change in the old city walls，need a change
let me out/in(副詞)讓我出去/進(jìn)來(lái)，letme sing/cry(動(dòng)詞)讓我唱/哭
20.代替 instead of+n./pron.賓格/Ving代替，而不是
instead 副詞， 可以單獨(dú)使用位于句首和句末做狀語(yǔ)
take the place of +名詞/代詞
初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解
Module 1 How to learn English
1. pair n. (相關(guān)的)兩個(gè)人，一對(duì)，一雙，一副
a pair of sock a pair of gloves two pairs of trousers
一雙襪子 一副手套 兩條褲子
e.g.A pair of teenage boys are watching a football game.
兩個(gè)青少年正在看足球賽。
2.correct
(1)v. 改正，糾正
e.g.The teacher returned to her room to correct exercise books.
老師回到房間去改練習(xí)本。
Correct the spelling.
糾正拼寫(xiě)。
(2)adj. 正確的;恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
e.g.correct pronunciation 正確發(fā)音
Do you have the correct time?
你的表走得準(zhǔn)嗎?
3.advice
(1)n.意思是“意見(jiàn)，建議”，為不可數(shù)名詞，可用some，much，a piece of，pieces of等修飾，不能說(shuō)an advice或many/a few advices。
(2)表示“有關(guān)……的建議”時(shí)，用介詞on，接名詞、代詞或由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的不定式。
e.g.Let’s ask for his advice on what to do next.
我們?nèi)フ髑笠幌滤囊庖?jiàn)下一步該怎么辦。
常見(jiàn)搭配：
take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建議
ask for advice 征求意見(jiàn)
accept/refuse one’s advice 接受(拒絕)某人的建議
offer advice to sb. 向某人提供建議
拓展：
advise vt.建議
常見(jiàn)搭配：advise sb. to do sth.
advise that sb. (should) do sth.
e.g.My teacher advises me to leave now.
老師建議我現(xiàn)在就離開(kāi)。
We advise measures(should)be taken to stop pollution at once.
我們建議立即采取措施以阻止污染。
4.We should always speak English in class.
我們應(yīng)該總是在課堂上說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。
should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意思是“應(yīng)該”。通常用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的責(zé)任或義務(wù)。
should/shouldn’t do sth.
e.g.He should work harder.
他應(yīng)該更加努力。
You should help your mother with the housework.
你們應(yīng)該幫媽媽做家務(wù)。
5.Let’s try to speak English as much as possible.
讓我們一起盡可能地說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。
(1)
e.g.They are trying to study English well.
他們正努力學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。
I am trying doing it in this way.
我正試著用這種方法做。
We should try/do our best to help the people in trouble.
我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力幫助困境中的人們。
(2)譯為“盡量”、“盡最大努力(可能)”，主要用于 as...as possible/one can。
e.g.You should rest as much as possible.
你應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量多休息。
I have helped you as much as I can. Now it is up to you.
我已盡我所能地幫助你了?，F(xiàn)在該看你自己了。
6.Each time you will learn something new. I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends.
每次你將會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)一些新東西。我也建議你和朋友們談?wù)撾娪盎蚋枨?/p>
time的用法：
(1)time側(cè)重指“時(shí)間”這一概念，或說(shuō)明“時(shí)間”的量，time用作不可數(shù)名詞，前面可much, little, a lot of, plenty of等修飾。
e.g.This saves time and allows farmers to grow an extra crop in each season.
這節(jié)省了時(shí)間，使農(nóng)民能夠在每個(gè)季節(jié)中多種點(diǎn)莊稼。
(2)當(dāng)作“次數(shù);倍數(shù)”講時(shí)，time是可數(shù)名詞。
e.g.I have been to Beijing three times.
我去過(guò)北京三次。
(3)time構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：
at a time 一次， 每一次
at one time 曾經(jīng)，一度
at times /from time to time 有時(shí)，偶爾
all the time 總是，一直
in time 及時(shí)，遲早
on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)
(4)time構(gòu)成的句型：
① It’s time for sb. to do sth./It’s (high) time sb. did sth.
該是某人干……的時(shí)間了。
e.g.It’s time for children to go to bed.
是小孩睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候了。
It’s high time that we started.
我們?cè)摮霭l(fā)了。
?、?each time(每次)，next time(下次)，the first/last time(第一次/最后一次……的時(shí)候)等詞組引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
e.g.The last time I went to China, I visited Shanghai.
我上次到中國(guó)時(shí)，游覽了上海。
14.I suggest you write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them in your room.
我建議你一天把四個(gè)或者五個(gè)單詞寫(xiě)在紙上并且放在你的房間里。
suggest，做動(dòng)詞，表示“建議，提議”的意思，對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞是suggestion。suggest的用法：
e.g.She suggested an early start.
她建議早一點(diǎn)出發(fā)。
I suggested his / him giving up the foolish idea.
我建議他放棄那愚蠢的念頭。
She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.
她建議班會(huì)不要在星期六舉行。
注意：當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”的意思，它后面接賓語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)用真實(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)，而不用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”。
e.g.他臉上的表情表明他很開(kāi)心。
(×)The expression on his face suggested that he should be very happy.
(√)The expression on his face suggested that he was very happy.
初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)易錯(cuò)詞匯歸納
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫(huà)的畫(huà) Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口，人數(shù)，people具體的人 China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course課程(可包括多門(mén)科目)，subject科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course
12. custom, habit
custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do， habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來(lái)解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí) Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
作"課"解時(shí),兩者可以替換.指課文用lesson. 指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class. lesson 6; class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說(shuō)，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on…
17. officer, official
officer部隊(duì)的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或動(dòng)物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
country側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國(guó)民，民族，state側(cè)重指政府，政體，land國(guó)土，國(guó)家 The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失; damages復(fù)數(shù)形式, 賠償金 0 damages
23. police, policeman
police警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問(wèn)連系，多和ask, answer連用
25. man, a man
man人類，a man一個(gè)男人 Man will conquer nature.
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當(dāng)雞肉 The chicken is delicious.
27. telegram, telegraph
當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph
28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip
29. sport, game
sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套規(guī)則 His favorite sport is swimming.
30. price, prize
price價(jià)格，prize獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金 win the first prize The price is high/low.
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