八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納人教版

期末的復(fù)習(xí)總是容易讓人緊張,不知道同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)的如何呢?關(guān)于八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)又有哪些呢?以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納，僅供參考。

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

Module 1

一、語(yǔ)法

1. Why don’t you do ... ?

提建 2. Why not do ... ? Thanks!

議的 3. You should (shouldn’t) do ... . 回答 Good!

表達(dá) 4. It’s a good idea to do ... . Excellent!

方式 5. Try (not) to do ... .

6. How about/ What about doing ... ?

二、重點(diǎn)句子

1. You should speak English in class.

2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.

3. Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?

4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?

5. Try not to translate every word.

6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.

7. It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.

Module 2~4

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

1. 過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響和后果;

2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：由助動(dòng)詞have/has +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成;

肯定句

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“have(has)+過(guò)去分詞”。

注意：該句式中的have或has是助動(dòng)詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。

疑問(wèn)句

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的.一般疑問(wèn)句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或has提到主語(yǔ)之前。

回答：Yes, … have(has).

No, … haven’t(hasn’t).

否定句：

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+過(guò)去分詞”。

3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):already, just, yet, since, ever, never;

4. 與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：一般過(guò)去時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì) 現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。

5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yesterday, just now, …ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。

例：

We

planted

(plant) some flowers in the garden last week.

I

have sent

(send) the letter.

He

has come

(come ) back home, he

is watching

(watch)

TV now.

David finished

(finish) his homework just now.

The monkeys are full, because we have fed

(feed) them.

A: I have lost

(lose) my purse!

B. Bad luck! When

did

you

lose

(lose) it?

A: I

lost

(lose) it last night.

與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的幾個(gè)副詞：already, just, ever, yet, never

肯定句: already, just

疑問(wèn)句和否定句: ever, yet, never

yet 常置于句末

already, never, ever just一般置于助動(dòng)詞have/has之后，過(guò)去分詞之前.

例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子

1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.

2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.

3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .

4) He has already visited Beijing twice.

5) I have just heard the news. I know it.

7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的for和since

(1)for + 一段時(shí)間(用How long提問(wèn))

We have known each other for ten years. 我們相識(shí)10年了。

(2)since + 句子/具體時(shí)間

since 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句用How long提問(wèn)

①since+過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(具體的年、月、日、鐘點(diǎn)等)。

Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.

②since + 一段時(shí)間+ago

We have been friends since five months ago. 從5個(gè)月前起，我們就成了朋友。

③since+從句，表示“自過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間、某件事情以來(lái)”，從句時(shí)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

I have lived here since I left Shanghai.

④It is+一段時(shí)間+since從句，表示“自從某件事發(fā)生已有一段時(shí)間了”。

It is two years since I left school.

8. 在含for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能直接和for或since 連用。

leave --- be away die --- be dead

begin/start --- be on finish --- be over

come here --- be here go there --- be there

come back --- be back fall asleep --- be asleep

get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in) leave --- be away from

go (get) out --- be out open sth --- keep sth open

join --- be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu)/be a member of+組織機(jī)構(gòu)

fall ill --- be ill get up --- be up

catch a cold --- have a cold borrow --- keep

buy --- have get to know --- know

put on---wear

例：

1. The old man died 4 years ago.

The old man has been dead for 4 years.

2. It is 4 years since the old man died.

Four years has passed since the old man died.

3. He joined the Party 2 years ago.

He has been in the Party for 2 years.

4. I bought the book 5 days ago.

I have had the book for 5 days.

Module 5

反意疑問(wèn)句：用于對(duì)某一事物或觀點(diǎn)沒(méi)有確切的把握，或者用于加強(qiáng)自己的觀點(diǎn)。

陳述句+簡(jiǎn)短的一般疑問(wèn)句 [助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+代詞]

肯定或否定 與陳述句的主語(yǔ)一致

肯定 否定

否定 肯定

注意：

1. 反問(wèn)部分的be動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞要與陳述句部分一致。

2. 陳述句與反問(wèn)句在時(shí)態(tài)和人稱上要一致。

3. 陳述句部分如果為否定句或含有否定意義的詞(如：nothing，never, little, few等)，反問(wèn)句要用肯定式;陳述句部分如果式肯定句，反問(wèn)部分要用否定式。

例：

He was not at home at that time, was he?

May listens to pops everyday, doesn’t she?

We know nothing about him, do we?

You haven’t heard of him, have you?

4. 當(dāng)句子為祈使句時(shí)，反問(wèn)句一般用will you，表示請(qǐng)求或建議對(duì)方作某事，詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意。

注：當(dāng)祈使句為“Let’s ...”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，用shall we 反問(wèn)。

Drive more slowly, will you?

Let’s walk out of the library quietly, shall we?

5. 回答：看陳述句的肯定部分，當(dāng)事實(shí)為肯定時(shí)，用Yes;事實(shí)為否定時(shí)，用No。

當(dāng)陳述句為否定句時(shí)，把否定部分忽略，只看肯定部分的意思。

Module 6

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1. 基本概念

表示在過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間內(nèi)的某一持續(xù)性行為，即過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

常和表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的詞組或從句連用。

2. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞

即：was/were+doing

was用于第一人稱及第三人稱單數(shù)，were用于第二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)。

3. 基本句型

肯定式：was/were + doing

I/She/He was working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.

2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)我/她/他一直都在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活。

否定式：was/were + not+ doing

I/She/He wasn’t working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock.

2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)我/她/他并不在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活。

疑問(wèn)式：把was/were放于句首。

—Were you/they working on the farm from 2 o’clock to 4 o’clock?

2點(diǎn)到4點(diǎn)你/你們/他們一直都在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里干活嗎?

—Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were.

是的，我/我們/他們?cè)诟苫睢?/p>

—No, I wasn’t./No, we/they weren’t.

不是，我/我們/他們并沒(méi)有在干活。

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。

4. 基本用法

(1)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的行為，常和表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。

(2)可用來(lái)為另一個(gè)動(dòng)作的發(fā)生提供背景。表示背景的句子通常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而另一個(gè)句子則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike.

他在騎車時(shí)把腿摔壞了。

5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。

I am writing a letter now. (am/is/are+doing)

Look! They are waiting for you.

We

are working

( work ) on a farm now.

Listen! Someone is knocking

(knock) at the door.

Lucy

isn’t reading

( not read) at the moment.

Where are they? They

are running

(run) outside.

表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

My parents were watching TV at 8:30 yesterday evening.

I wasn’t doing my homework when he called me.

6. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

相同點(diǎn)：兩者都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

不同點(diǎn)：

過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作。

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，可能沒(méi)有完成。

e.g. He read a book last night.

昨天晚上他讀了一本書。(讀完了)

He was reading a story book last night.

昨天晚上他正在讀故事書。(還沒(méi)有讀完)

初二期末英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納

1.主語(yǔ)：

表示句子所說(shuō)的是“什么人”或“什么事兒”，一般由名詞，代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或者短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)

例如：Gina is from Australia.

She often goes to the movies.

This kind of juice tastes good!

2.謂語(yǔ)：

主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作。一般是有動(dòng)作意義的動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)兩個(gè)方面必須保持一致。

例如： We are both quiet.

He has a smart phone.

You should study harder.

Her parents are teachers.

3. 賓語(yǔ)：

分為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)和介詞賓語(yǔ)，屬于動(dòng)作的承受者。

例如：He's playing soccer.

Good food and exercise help me to study harder.

4. 系動(dòng)詞：

表示狀態(tài)或狀態(tài)變化的動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有實(shí)際的動(dòng)作意義。如 be, 感官系動(dòng)詞(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持類系動(dòng)詞(keep, stay 和 remain)、狀態(tài)變化類系動(dòng)詞(become、get、turn 和 go)等。

This picture looks so beautiful.

Keep working, you will see the post office on your right.

5. 表語(yǔ)：

緊跟系動(dòng)詞后面的成分。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或者怎么樣，由 n. adj. 或者相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或者短語(yǔ)，和系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。

例如：Her mother is a bank clerk.

Are you ready?

We were at home last night.

如何提高初二英語(yǔ)成績(jī)

首先要教會(huì)科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)方法，就是“三習(xí)”學(xué)習(xí)法。即：課前預(yù)先，課上學(xué)習(xí)，課后復(fù)習(xí)。預(yù)先發(fā)現(xiàn)重點(diǎn).難點(diǎn)和疑點(diǎn)。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)認(rèn)真聽講.認(rèn)真思考.復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)要?dú)w納分析知識(shí)點(diǎn)使之形成知識(shí)版塊，從而形成為自己頭腦中的知識(shí)的一部分。

關(guān)于語(yǔ)法，初二的每一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)都是初一的稍加拓展，而且知識(shí)本身也是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。☆比如人稱代詞，這時(shí)的重點(diǎn)已經(jīng)不是主格和賓格的區(qū)分，而是形容詞形物主代詞、名詞性無(wú)主代詞、反身代詞在情景對(duì)話以及寫作中的應(yīng)用。這時(shí)的重點(diǎn)已經(jīng)不是表達(dá)習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，而是平率副詞的使用規(guī)則。 還有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行、過(guò)去進(jìn)行等等時(shí)態(tài)的綜合訓(xùn)練。 其實(shí)它們都是我們以前就見過(guò)的，甚至很早就見過(guò)了，現(xiàn)在我們只是通過(guò)更加深入系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)使自己在面對(duì)這些題時(shí)更加從容地得分，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。

學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)要腳踏實(shí)地，沒(méi)有捷徑，但死記硬背也不是好方法。要大聲朗讀，反復(fù)訓(xùn)練發(fā)音器官和耳朵，這樣既可以提高聽力，又可以改進(jìn)口語(yǔ)發(fā)音，還記了單詞。利用一些好的方法能夠讓你更好地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。